Evaluation of sources of acidity in rainwater using a constrained oblique rotational factor analysis.
Evaluation of sources of acidity in rainwater using a constrained oblique rotational factor analysis.
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DOI：
10.1021/es00006a030
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发表时间：
1995-06
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
T. Ozeki;K. Koide;T. Kimoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Ozeki;K. Koide;T. Kimoto
雨水污染物来源的酸度（或碱度），无论它们是酸、碱还是中性物质，都不容易通过使用主成分分析 (PCA) 或 Varimax 旋转等传统的多元分析来评估。我们基于对除氢离子之外的离子浓度和雨水中污染物源的贡献的非负约束，研究了倾斜旋转因子分析在这项工作中的应用。该方法如下：（1）PCA，（2）最大方差旋转，以及（3）具有部分非负约束的倾斜旋转。通过使用 1991-1992 年在日本兵库县收集的 391 个雨水样品的分析数据证明了该方法及其有效性。从而提取出4个主要污染源；它们是海盐来源、酸化雨水来源、碱化雨水来源和钾离子特有来源。最多提取了6个污染物源，并从化学、生物、地理、气象等角度进行了合理解释。
Acidity (or basicity) of sources of rainwater pollutants, whether they work as acids, bases, or neutral substances, is not easily evaluated by using conventional multivariate analysis such asthe principal component analysis (PCA) or that with the Varimax rotation. We examined the application of an oblique rotational factor analysis in this work based on the nonnegative constraint as to the ion concentrations except hydrogen ion and to the contributions of pollutant sources in rainwater. The method is as follows : (1) the PCA, (2) the Varimax rotation, and (3) the oblique rotation with partially nonnegative constraint. The method and its validity are demonstrated by using analytical data for 391 rainwater samples collected at Hyogo prefecture in Japan during 1991-1992. As a result, four predominant pollutant sources were extracted ; they were a source with sea salt origin, a source acidifying rainwater, a source basifying rainwater, and a source specific to potassium ion. At most, six pollutant sources were extracted and were reasonably interpreted from the chemical, biological, geographical, and meteorological points of view.