The Politics of Development Policy Labelling
The Politics of Development Policy Labelling
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发展政策标签的政治
DOI：
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Wood
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Wood
标签是所有社会交流的一个特征，是公共政策（话语和实践）的一个方面，是政治话语结构的一个要素。本卷的撰稿人通过他们对第三世界各地发展问题的关注和经验，更加敏锐地意识到这一点。强调标签的目的是揭示控制、管制和管理的过程，这些过程在很大程度上甚至连行为者自己都没有认识到。标签作为政策话语的一个方面，特别是它对管理人们的机构及其意识形态的结构性影响，其重要性被低估了。由于标签的过程影响了人们内部的分类，因此人们的行为和思考是社会化的，这种关注的对象是基本的而不是外围的。标签指的是一种权力关系，一些人的标签比另一些人的标签更容易被强加给人和情况。这里的重点是发展政策领域中出现的特定类型的标签或抽象概念，作为与第三世界发展议程相关的捐赠性政治话语的一个方面。兴趣在于反映特定利益的指定或分类的具体行为如何变得普遍。说国家的概念（作为合法公共行动的认可或强制）是“阶级关系的凝聚”或“源自资本主义生产关系的逻辑”是不够的，“特别是因为它的边缘性的矛盾”。有必要了解这种认可实际上是如何发生的，并且可以继续这样做，它是如何构建的，然后持续下去。这个过程是阴险的，主要涉及“标签”。标签化是某种公共资源管理的属性，即官僚化、专业化、正式制度化和往往中心化。它是访问的对应物，因为指定标签的作者已经确定了特定资源和特权的访问规则。标签过程的一个中心特征是个体的分化和分解，以及个体随后与主要标签的识别。“无地”或“单亲”。标记指的是应用于不同元素的权重。需要关注和制定政策的“问题”是这样构建和定义的，导致一个标签或元素代表了单个家庭的整个情况。为了使公共政策标签的“哪个”和“谁”方面民主化，需要进行一些工作。
Labelling a feature of all social communication is an aspect of public policy (utterance and practice) an element in the structure of political discourse. Contributors to this volume have become more sharply aware of this through their preoccupation and experience with development issues in various parts of the 3rd world. The purpose of this focus on labelling is to reveal processes of control regulation and management which are largely unrecognized even by the actors themselves. The significance of labelling has been underestimated as an aspect of policy discourse and especially for its structural impact upon the institutions and their ideologies through which people are managed. Since the process of labelling affects the categories within people are socialized to act and think the object of this concern is fundamental rather than peripheral. Labelling refers to a relationship of power in that the labels of some are more easily imposed on people and situations than those of others. Focus here is on the particular kind of labels or abstractions which arise in development policy areas as an aspect of the donative political discorse associated with the 3rd world development agenda. The interest is in how specific acts of designation or classification reflecting specific interests become universalized. It is not sufficient to say that concept of the state (as an endorsement or imposition of legitimate public actions) is "a condensate of class relations" or is "derived from thelogic of capitalist production relations" "a particular from because of the contradictions of its peripherality." It is necessary to understand how this endorsement actually occurs and can continue to do so how it comes to be constructed and then persists. The process is insidious and centrally involves "labelling." Labelling is the attribute of a certain kind of public management of resources i.e. bureaucratic professional formal institutionalized and often central. It is the counterpart of access in that the authors of labels of designations have determined the rules of access in that particular resources and privileges. A central feature of the labelling proces is the differentiation and disaggregation of the individual and the individuals subsequent identification with a principal label e.g. "landless" or "single parent." Labelling refers to the weighting applied the differentiated elements. "Problems" calling for attention and policy are constructed and defined in this way leading to 1 label or element representing the entire situation of an individual family. Exercises required in an attempt to demcratize the "which" and "whose" aspects of public policy labelling are identified.