Reverse Engineering Human Mobility in Large-scale Natural Disasters
Reverse Engineering Human Mobility in Large-scale Natural Disasters
复制标题
对大规模自然灾害中的人员流动进行逆向工程
DOI：
10.1145/3127540.3127542
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Hollick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Milan Stute;Max Maass;Tom Schons;M. Hollick
延迟/中断容忍网络 (DTN) 已经存在十多年了，特别建议在通信基础设施不可用的情况下使用。在这种情况下，DTN 可以通过利用用户移动性来提供尽力而为的通信服务。当蜂窝网络被自然力破坏时，自然灾害是 DTN 的重要应用场景。为了在部署之前评估此类网络的性能，我们需要对人员流动性有适当的了解。在本文中，我们通过设计、实施和评估一种针对大规模自然灾害的新型移动模型来解决这个问题。由于缺乏 GPS 轨迹，我们利用来自 71 个灾难响应组织 (DRO) 的 126 名专家的知识，对过去自然灾害（重点关注 2010 年海地地震和 2013 年台风海燕）的人员流动进行了逆向工程。通过基于仿真的实验，我们将我们的移动模型与其他知名模型进行比较和对比，并评估它们对 DTN 性能的影响。最后，我们向公众提供我们的源代码。
Delay/Disruption-Tolerant Networks (DTNs) have been around for more than a decade and have especially been proposed to be used in scenarios where communication infrastructure is unavailable. In such scenarios, DTNs can offer a best-effort communication service by exploiting user mobility. Natural disasters are an important application scenario for DTNs when the cellular network is destroyed by natural forces. To assess the performance of such networks before deployment, we require appropriate knowledge of human mobility. In this paper, we address this problem by designing, implementing, and evaluating a novel mobility model for large-scale natural disasters. Due to the lack of GPS traces, we reverse-engineer human mobility of past natural disasters (focusing on 2010 Haiti earthquake and 2013 Typhoon Haiyan) by leveraging knowledge of 126 experts from 71 Disaster Response Organizations (DROs). By means of simulation-based experiments, we compare and contrast our mobility model to other well-known models, and evaluate their impact on DTN performance. Finally, we make our source code available to the public.