OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF CLAY MINERALS IN THE QUARRY AT OYA, UTSUNOMIYA CITY, TOCHIGI PREFECTURE, JAPAN
OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF CLAY MINERALS IN THE QUARRY AT OYA, UTSUNOMIYA CITY, TOCHIGI PREFECTURE, JAPAN
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日本栃木县宇都宫市大谷采石场粘土矿物的耗氧量
DOI：
10.2486/indhealth.10.24
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发表时间：
1972
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
H. Hayashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Kohyama;H. Hayashi
凝灰质沉积物在日本分布广泛，数百年来一直被用来建造石材。户木县大谷县凝灰质沉积物的产量被认为是日本最大的。这种名为Oya-Ishi的TUF面状沉积物含有许多蚀变的火山岩碎片。据我们所知，在一些暴露了凝灰质沉积物中大量蚀变物质的采石场，空气中只有19%的氧气。由于缺氧引起的事故已经发生，并将发生在工作场所狭窄和通风不良的地方，特别是有吸氧剂和/或稀释剂的地方。我们发现，采石场中最强的吸水剂是一种名为MISO的蚀变火山物质。MISO确认为含铁双八面体和含铁三个八面体蒙脱石的混合体，它们位于采石场的深部，在还原环境下稳定。在未经风化的深层地区，味索通常是深蓝色的，但很容易在几个小时内变成黑色，最后在几周内变成棕色。氧化的MISO被重新认识为铁双八面体和铁三八面体蒙脱石的混合物，不含任何其他杂质，如铁氧化物。亚铁蒙脱石在还原条件下是稳定的，在正常条件下吸收氧气成为稳定的铁蒙脱石，并在此反应中消耗氧气，这可能是首次报道矿物结构中的亚铁在常温和环境下如此容易并自发地氧化为三价铁。
The tuffaceous sediments are widely distributed in Japan, and have utilized for building stone at every where for many centuries. The production of the tuffaceous sediments at Oya, Tochigi Prefecture, is regarded as the largest in Japan. This tuf- faceous sediment called Oya-ishi, contains many altered volcanic rock fragments. We have experienced that there are only 19% of oxygen in the air at some level of quarries where exposed large amount of altered materials in tuffaceous sediments. The accidents due to oxygen deficiency have happened and will be happened where the worksite is narrow and ill-ventilation, especially in places where are absorbent and/or dilution agents of oxygen. We found that the strong absorbent in the quarry is the altered volcanic material called Miso. The Miso is confirmed the mixture of ferrous dioctahedral and ferrous trioctahedral smectite which are situated in deep portions of the quarry, and are stable under the reducing environment. The Miso is commonly dark blue in colour in unweathered deep places, but easily turns to black within a few hour and finally to brown in a few weeks. The oxidized Miso is re- cognized as the mixture of ferric dioctahedral and ferric trioctahedral smectite without any other impurities such as iron oxides. The ferrous smectites being stable under the reducing condition, absorb oxygen to become the stable ferric smectites under the normal condition, and oxygen is consumed by this reaction.It may be a first report that ferrous iron in the structure of minerals is so easily and spontaneously oxidized to ferric iron in them under the normal temperature and environment.