Impact of summer cattle grazing on the Sierra Nevada watershed: aquatic algae and bacteria.
Impact of summer cattle grazing on the Sierra Nevada watershed: aquatic algae and bacteria.
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DOI：
10.1155/2012/760108
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Goldman CR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Derlet RW;Richards JR;Tanaka LL;Hayden C;Ger KA;Goldman CR
导论.我们评估了周丛藻类和微生物群落，以评估人类和牛对塞拉利昂水质的影响。方法.按照标准化程序，对64个地点（从太浩湖到加州红杉国家公园的湖泊和溪流）进行了悬浮指示细菌和藻类采样。潜在的非点源污染被分为三类：放牧区（C），娱乐使用区（R），或偏远的野生动物区（W）。结果在C位点100%、R位点89%、W位点仅25%发现有周生植物。共鉴定出11种周生藻类，包括双星藻、丝藻、小球藻、水绵、混合硅藻和刚毛藻。底栖藻类平均覆盖率为66%，相比之下，在W站点的2%（P < 0.05）。E.大肠杆菌C位点与附着生物的结合率为100%，R位点为25%，W位点为0%。平均E.大肠杆菌CFU/gm的检测结果为：C = 173，000，R = 700，W = 0。（P < 0.05）。对E.大肠杆菌>100 CFU/100 mL：C = 91%，R = 8%，W = 0（P < 0.05）。结论较高的周丛藻类生物量和均匀存在的周丛附着E。大肠杆菌对应的流域暴露于夏季放牧牛。这些差异表明放牧会影响水质。
Introduction. We evaluated periphytic algal and microbial communities to assess the influence of human and cattle impact on Sierra water quality. Methods. 64 sites (lakes and streams from Lake Tahoe to Sequoia National Park, California) were sampled for suspended indicator bacteria and algae following standardized procedures. The potential for nonpoint pollution was divided into three categories: cattle-grazing areas (C), recreation use areas (R), or remote wildlife areas (W). Results. Periphyton was found at 100% of C sites, 89% of R sites, but only 25% of W sites. Eleven species of periphytic algae were identified, including Zygnema, Ulothrix, Chlorella, Spirogyra, mixed Diatoms, and Cladophoria. Mean benthic algae coverage was 66% at C sites compared to 2% at W sites (P < 0.05). The prevalence of E. coli associated with periphyton was 100% at C sites, 25% of R sites, and 0% of W sites. Mean E. coli CFU/gm of algae detected was: C = 173,000, R = 700, W = 0. (P < 0.05). Analysis of neighboring water for E. coli bacteria >100 CFU/100 mL: C = 91%, R = 8%, W = 0 (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Higher periphytic algal biomass and uniform presence of periphyton-attached E. coli corresponded to watersheds exposed to summer cattle grazing. These differences suggest cattle grazing compromises water quality.