Use of dietary supplements in relation to urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Use of dietary supplements in relation to urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2018.12.033
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发表时间：
2019-05
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Megan E. Romano;K. O'Connell;Mengmeng Du;C. Rehm;E. Kantor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Megan E. Romano;K. O'Connell;Mengmeng Du;C. Rehm;E. Kantor
背景研究表明，膳食补充剂可能是接触邻苯二甲酸盐的一个来源，因为邻苯二甲酸二乙酯 (DEP) 或邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯 (DBP) 可能是促进缓释或封装膳食补充剂的涂层成分。方法使用 1999 年至 2014 年国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 对 12,281 名 20 岁以上成年人进行的全国代表性数据，我们评估了膳食补充剂的使用与尿中邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物 DEP（邻苯二甲酸单乙酯，MEP）和 DBP（邻苯二甲酸单正丁酯，MBP）之间的关联。我们检查了与定期使用多种维生素/多种矿物质 (MVMM) 补充剂、定期使用任何其他非 MVMM 补充剂产品、使用的非 MVMM 补充剂产品的数量以及可能含有邻苯二甲酸盐的个别补充剂（不包括 MVMM）相关的关联。对于每种尿邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物，结果以最小调整和多变量调整比率的形式呈现，比较使用者与非使用者之间的几何平均值。结果在多变量模型中，我们观察到经常使用 MVMM 使用与 MEP 之间存在显着正相关，使用 MVMM 补充剂的人的几何平均 MEP 比非使用者高 11%（比率：1.11；95% CI： 1.04–1.20）；没有观察到 MVMM 与 MBP 之间存在关联。尽管单个补充剂的分析功效有限，但没有观察到其他显着的多变量调整关联。关联并没有因性别而显着变化；然而，大蒜补充剂的使用与 MEP 和 MBP 之间的关联因日历时间而异，在以后的几年中观察到统计上显着的正相关。结论 在 MVMM 使用和 MEP 之间观察到适度的显着关联。在我们的整体多变量模型中没有观察到其他显着的关联。在一项强有力的前瞻性研究中，对大蒜与尿邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物浓度之间的正相关性进行后续研究将进一步阐明研究结果。
BackgroundResearch suggests that dietary supplements may be a source of exposure to phthalates, given that diethyl phthalate (DEP) or di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) can be components of coatings that facilitate extended release or encapsulate dietary supplements.MethodsUsing nationally representative data on a population of 12,281 adults ages 20 y + surveyed between 1999 and 2014 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we evaluated the association between dietary supplement use in relation to urinary phthalate metabolites of DEP (monoethyl phthalate, MEP) and DBP (mono-n-butyl phthalate, MBP). We examined associations pertaining to regular use of multivitamin/multimineral (MVMM) supplements, as well as regular use of any other non-MVMM supplement products, the number of non-MVMM supplement products used, as well as individual supplements potentially containing phthalates (exclusive of MVMM). For each urinary phthalate metabolite, results are presented as the minimally-adjusted and multivariable-adjusted ratio, comparing the geometric mean among users to non-users.ResultsIn multivariable models, we observed a significant positive association between regular use of MVMM use and MEP, with persons using MVMM supplements having 11% higher geometric mean MEP than non-users (Ratio: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.04–1.20); no association was observed for MVMM in relation to MBP. No other significant multivariable-adjusted associations were observed, although power was limited in analyses of individual supplements. Associations did not markedly vary by gender; however, the associations of garlic supplement use with MEP and MBP varied by calendar time, with statistically significant positive associations observed in later years.ConclusionsA modest significant association was observed between MVMM use and MEP. No other significant associations were observed in our overall multivariable models. Follow-up on the positive association observed between garlic and urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations observed in later years in a well-powered, prospective study would further clarify study findings.