Long-term and mid-term ecological operation of cascade hydropower plants considering ecological water demands in arid region
Long-term and mid-term ecological operation of cascade hydropower plants considering ecological water demands in arid region
复制标题
考虑干旱地区生态需水的梯级水电站中长期生态运行
DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123599
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发表时间：
2021-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Hongguang Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lianpeng Zhang;Qiang Huang;Dengfeng Liu;Mingjiang Deng;Hongxue Zhang;Baozhu Pan;Hongguang Zhang
随着经济的快速发展，水电作为一种清洁能源，带来了巨大的经济效益，导致了大量的水电厂的出现。水电站运行几十年来，由于天然水流的变化，带来了一系列相当严重的生态问题。为恢复河流生态系统，寻求一系列的运行方案，以平衡社会经济效益和生态效益。为此，建立了仿真（Model-I）和优化（Model-II）调度模型，为水电厂中长期多目标调度提供了可行性和合理性方案。为了解决复杂的模型，大系统协调分解的方法和思想，有效地缩小搜索空间。以额尔齐斯河流域为研究区域，运用该模型，对流域的社会经济和生态用水进行权衡。计算结果表明，模型Ⅰ的水电站群年平均发电量比模型Ⅱ的多2.5%，均高于实际运行情况。模型I中枯水年供水量远低于最低需水量（50%），而模型II给出了合理的解决方案，使枯水年供水量接近中间需水量（80%）。此外，模式II的生态供水量比模式I明显增加，生态供水量占总供水量的比例从56%提高到86%，生态供水量占社会经济供水量的比例从92%提高到98%。特别是农业灌溉的比例从84%提高到94%。该方案在兼顾水电站效益的前提下，满足了社会经济和生态用水需求，为水资源管理提供了科学的理论依据。
As the rapid development of economy, hydropower, as a kind of cleaner energy, is bringing in huge economic benefits, leading to the appearance of a great many of hydropower plants. Decades after the hydropower plants operation, series of quite serious ecological problems were brought in due to the changes in the natural flow. To restore the river ecosystem, this paper is making efforts on seeking series of operation schemes to balance the socio-economic and ecology benefits. Therefore, a simulation (Model-I) and an optimization (Model-II) operation model are established to provide a feasibility and a reasonable scheme for the multi-objective long-term and mid-term hydropower plant operation. To resolve the complex model, large-system coordinated decomposition method and an idea that efficiently narrows down the search space are used. The Irtysh River basin in China is selected as the study area to apply the model and make a trade-off to balance the water supply for socio-economics and ecology. The results show that the average annual power generation of hydropower plant group in Model-I is 2.5% more than that in Model-Ⅱ, both more than that of practical operation. In Model-I the water supply in dry year is far less than the minimum need (50%), but the Model-II provided a reasonable solution that the water supply in dry year is close to the median need (80%). Besides, the water supply for ecology in Model-II is obviously increased compared with Model-I, and the ratio increases from 56% to 86%, at the same time, the ratios to socio-economics are from 92% to 98%. Specially, the ratio of agricultural irrigation increases from 84% to 94%. In a word, the scheme meets the water requirements for socio-economics and ecology under considering the hydropower plants benefits, providing a scientific theoretical basis for water resource management.
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