New Kids on the Block Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells and Type 2 Inflammation in the Lung
New Kids on the Block Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells and Type 2 Inflammation in the Lung
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DOI：
10.1378/chest.13-0911
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发表时间：
2013-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.6
通讯作者：
McKenzie, Andrew N. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Halim, Timotheus Y. F.;McKenzie, Andrew N. J.
肺部炎症疾病是发病和死亡的主要原因。过敏性肺部炎症通常源于 2 型细胞因子的过量产生。由此产生的 2 型炎症通常是由对相对无害的过敏原的不适当的免疫反应引起的，并且通常与哮喘有关。直到最近，2 型细胞因子的主要贡献者还被认为是辅助性 T (Th) 2 细胞。这一概念受到肺部 2 类先天淋巴细胞 (ILC2) 的发现的挑战，ILC2 是急性炎症阶段 2 型细胞因子的主要来源。我们对 ILC2 调节和发展的理解的最新进展重新绘制了 2 型炎症的路线图。事实上，ILC2 似乎对于适应性免疫的诱导至关重要，因此在免疫调节中发挥着核心作用。作为整个 Th2 级联中的第一响应者之一，ILC2 可能充当 Th2 多米诺骨牌效应的早期瓦片。因此，ILC2 为未来药物开发提供了一个有吸引力的目标。
Inflammatory diseases of the lung are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Allergic lung inflammation often stems from the overproduction of type 2 cytokines. The resulting type 2 inflammation is frequently caused by an inappropriate immune response to relatively harmless allergens and often associates with asthma. Until recently, the primary contributors of type 2 cytokines were believed to be T helper (Th) 2 cells. This concept was challenged by the discovery of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in the lung, which represent a major source of type 2 cytokines during the acute inflammatory phase. Recent advances in our understanding of the regulation and development of ILC2 have redrawn the roadmap of type 2 inflammation. Indeed, ILC2s appear to be critical for the induction of adaptive immunity and, thus, play a central role for immune regulation. As one of the first responders in the entire Th2 cascade, ILC2 might serve as the early tile in a Th2 domino effect. As such, ILC2s present an attractive target for future drug development.