Smoke composition and predicting relationships for international commercial cigarettes smoked with three machine-smoking conditions
Smoke composition and predicting relationships for international commercial cigarettes smoked with three machine-smoking conditions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.yrtph.2004.12.002
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发表时间：
2005-04-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Lipowicz, PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Counts, ME;Morton, MJ;Lipowicz, PJ
研究目的是确定吸烟机抽吸参数对主流烟气成分的影响，并将这些影响表示为预测关系。使用国际标准化组织（ISO）、马萨诸塞州公共卫生部（MDPH）和加拿大卫生部（HC）规定的吸烟条件，对来自国际市场的48支商业菲利普莫里斯美国公司和菲利普莫里斯国际公司香烟以及1R4F参考香烟进行机器吸烟。分析了香烟烟草填料的硝酸盐、尼古丁、烟草特有的亚硝胺（TSNA）和氨。焦油和44个单独的烟雾成分和“烟雾pH值”的主流产量进行了测定。卷烟成分产率通常以ISO < MDPH < HC的顺序增加。相对产量的增加通常是更大的香烟与较高的初始过滤嘴通风，也通常是更大的气相成分比颗粒相成分。建立了ISO焦油与ISO、MDPH和HC组分产率之间以及MDPH焦油和HC焦油与各自吸烟条件产率之间的预测关系。MDPH和HC组分产率可以预测类似的可靠性使用ISO焦油或相应的吸烟条件焦油。关系的可靠性从强到弱，取决于特定的成分。氮氧化物和TSNA的弱预测关系，例如，改善了烟草填料成分的因素。在任何一种吸烟条件下，所有香烟的“烟气pH值”相似，HC条件下的总体pH值略低于ISO或MDPH条件。(c)2004年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
The study objectives were to determine the effects of smoking machine puffing parameters on mainstream smoke composition and to express those effects as predicting relationships. Forty-eight commercial Philip Morris USA and Philip Morris International cigarettes from international markets and the 1R4F reference cigarette were machine-smoked using smoking conditions defined by the International Organization of Standardization (ISO), the Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MDPH), and Health Canada (HC). Cigarette tobacco fillers were analyzed for nitrate, nicotine, tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA), and ammonia. Mainstream yields for tar and 44 individual smoke constituents and "smoke pH" were determined. Cigarette constituent yields typically increased in the order ISO < MDPH < HC. Relative yield increases were generally greater for cigarettes with higher initial filter ventilation and were also generally greater for vapor-phase constituents than for particulate-phase constituents. Predicting relationships were developed between ISO tar and ISO, MDPH, and HC constituent yields and between MDPH tar and HC tar and respective smoking condition yields. MDPH and HC constituent yields could be predicted with similar reliability using ISO tar or the corresponding smoking-condition tar. The reliability of the relationships varied from strong to weak, depending on particular constituents. Weak predicting relationships for nitrogen oxides and TSNA's, for example, were improved with inclusion of tobacco filler composition factors. "Smoke pH" was similar for all cigarettes at any one smoking condition, and overall marginally lower at HC conditions than at ISO or MDPH conditions. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.