In search of decay in verbal short-term memory.

In search of decay in verbal short-term memory.
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DOI:
10.1037/a0014873
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发表时间:
2009-03
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Lewis, Richard L.
Lewis, Richard L.
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Berman, Marc G.;Jonides, John;Lewis, Richard L.

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短期内的遗忘是由于时间的流逝而衰退,还是由于其他记忆的干扰,还是两者兼而有之?过去对短期记忆的研究已经揭示了一些衰退的证据,以及大量的证据表明短期记忆会因干扰而恶化。然而,这些研究都没有直接对比短期记忆的衰退和干扰,排除了使用排练过程的任务。在这篇文章中,作者提出了一系列的研究,使用一种新的范式来直接解决这个问题,通过询问的操作衰减和干扰的短期记忆没有排练混乱。这些研究的结果表明,短期记忆只会随着时间的推移而受到非常小的衰减影响,但干扰在其退化中起着更大的作用。作者讨论了这些结果对现有记忆衰退和干扰模型的影响。
Is forgetting in the short term due to decay with the mere passage of time, interference from other memoranda, or both? Past research on short-term memory has revealed some evidence for decay and a plethora of evidence showing that short-term memory is worsened by interference. However, none of these studies has directly contrasted decay and interference in short-term memory in a task that rules out the use of rehearsal processes. In this article the authors present a series of studies using a novel paradigm to address this problem directly, by interrogating the operation of decay and interference in short-term memory without rehearsal confounds. The results of these studies indicate that short-term memories are subject to very small decay effects with the mere passage of time but that interference plays a much larger role in their degradation. The authors discuss the implications of these results for existing models of memory decay and interference.
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