Impact of Gliricidia sepium intercropping on soil organic matter fractions in a maize-based cropping system
Impact of Gliricidia sepium intercropping on soil organic matter fractions in a maize-based cropping system
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DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2010.04.008
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发表时间：
2010-08-15
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Sileshi, G. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beedy, T. L.;Snapp, S. S.;Sileshi, G. W.
Gliricidia/玉米间作系统有望提高南部非洲贫瘠土壤上以玉米为基础的种植系统的生产率。研究了间作对土壤性质的影响，以更好地了解玉米产量反应、土壤养分资本重组和土壤固碳的土壤过程。土壤有机质(SOM)组分、颗粒有机质(POM)、POM-碳、POM-N、土壤养分状况和基本土壤特性在1991年在马拉维南部铁力克松上建立的Griricidia/玉米间作的第14年进行了量化。用析因设计比较了间作玉米和单作玉米在无机氮(N)和磷(P)三种添加水平下的差异。每年向玉米中掺入3次Gliriciia叶片生物量。收获后采集20 cm土层土样，分析土壤有机质、POM、POM-C、POM-N以及土壤无机N、速效P、交换性K+和粒级分布的物理化学特征。油松/玉米间作对土壤有机质、POM和SOM组分有显著的正效应：与单作玉米相比，油松间作土壤有机质高12%，POM高40%，POM-C高62%，POM-N高86%，说明POM具有氮素富集性。氮肥对POM的影响不大，对油菜的影响为15%，对单作玉米的影响为27%。这些变化的影响主要是在短期内增加玉米产量和增加土壤养分的储存，同时减少长期储存的有机质的比例。油松/玉米间作和土壤粘粒含量的增加都与土壤CEC的显著增加有关。油松间作在粗质土壤中的CEC保持了14年之久，这表明豆科树木在粗质土壤的强化种植中发挥了作用。(C)2010爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
The gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium)/maize intercropping system holds promise for increasing productivity in maize-based cropping systems on depleted soils in Southern Africa. The effect of the intercrop on soil properties was investigated to better understand soil processes underlying maize yield response, soil nutrient recapitalization and soil carbon sequestration. Soil organic matter (SOM) fractions, particulate organic matter (POM), POM-carbon, POM-nitrogen, soil nutrient status and underlying soil characteristics were quantified on the 14th year of a gliricidia/maize intercrop establish in 1991 on a Ferric Lixisol in southern Malawi. A factorial design compared the intercrop and a sole maize crop at three rates of added inorganic nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Gliricidia leaf biomass was incorporated into the maize three times per year. Soil was sampled to a 20 cm depth, post-harvest to analyze biophysical and chemical characteristics of soil organic matter, POM, POM-C and POM-N, as well as inorganic N, available P. exchangeable K+ and particle size distribution. The gliricidia/maize intercrop had a significant and positive effect on SOM, POM, and SOM fractions: SOM was 12% higher, POM 40%, POM-C 62%, and POM-N 86% higher in the gliricidia intercrop compared to sole maize, indicating nitrogen enrichment of POM. Nitrogen fertilizer was associated with modest increases in POM, 15% in gliricidia and 27% in sole maize. The impacts of these changes were directed mostly at increasing maize yields and increasing storage of soil nutrients over the short term, while decreasing the proportion of organic matter stored over the long term. Both the gliricidia/maize intercrop and increasing soil clay content were associated with significantly increased soil CEC. The gliricidia intercrop maintained CEC in coarse-textured soils over a 14-year time span, indicating a role for legume trees in intensified cropping of coarse-textured soils. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.