EVALUATION OF THE CRITICAL THERMAL MAXIMUM FOR DETERMINING THERMAL TOLERANCE OF FRESHWATER-FISH
EVALUATION OF THE CRITICAL THERMAL MAXIMUM FOR DETERMINING THERMAL TOLERANCE OF FRESHWATER-FISH
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00005481
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发表时间：
1979-01-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
GENOWAY, RG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BECKER, CD;GENOWAY, RG
通过临界热最大值（CTM）方法测定驯化至5和15 ℃的幼银鲑（Oncorhynchus kisutch）的平衡丧失和死亡温度上限。对于南瓜太阳鱼（Lepomis gibbosus），驯化至10和20 ℃。C.温度升高率为1、6、18、30和60度。C/h。方差分析表明，由于驯化水平，温度升高速率和这些变量之间的交互作用，差异显着（P < 0.5）。狭温性鱼类银鳕鱼的CTM值低于广温性鱼类南瓜籽的CTM值。一般来说，较高的驯化和更快的温度升高速率产生较高的CTM值。在测试期间仅检测到10 ℃的向上适应。C驯化南瓜籽在1. C/h增加率。根据试验数据和文献对CTM手术关系进行评估。一点一度。C/min（60 C/h）的温度升高速率如此之快，以至于鱼的内部体温通常会滞后于介质温度。标准上升率为18度。C/h（0.3 ℃）C/min）推荐用于鱼类的常规CTM测定。其他建议如下：试验鱼应该是小的，和相对统一的大小和条件;最后失去能力返回直立应失去平衡的标准;死亡也应包括作为一个标准，在CTM的测定，与术语致命的热最高适用于死亡温度;和线性应保持在时间-温度分布的加热率。所有程序也适用于临界热最小值的确定。给出了CTM的修改描述，扩展了其范围。
Upper loss of equilibrium and death temperatures were determined by the critical thermal maximum (CTM) method for juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) acclimated to 5 and 15.degree. C, and for pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) acclimated to 10 and 20.degree. C. Temperature increase rates were 1, 6, 18, 30 and 60.degree. C/h. Analysis of variance showed significant (P < 0.5) differences due to acclimation level, temperature increase rate and an interaction between these variables. CTM values for coho, a stenothermal fish, were lower than those for pumpkinseed, an eurythermal fish. Generally, higher acclimations and more rapid rates of temperature increase produced higher CTM values. Upward acclimation during testing was detected only for 10.degree. C acclimated pumpkinseed at a 1.degree. C/h increase rate. Assessments were made of CTM procedural relationships from test data and the literature. A 1.degree. C/min (60 C/h) temperature increase rate is so rapid that internal body temperatures of fish will usually lag behind media temperatures. A standard increase rate of 18.degree. C/h (0.3.degree. C/min) is recommended for routine CTM determinations with fish. Other recommendations are as follows: test fish should be small, and relatively uniform in size and condition; final loss of ability to return upright should be the loss of equilibrium criterion; death also should be included as a criterion in CTM determinations, with the term lethal thermal maximum applied for death temperature; and linearity should be maintained in time-temperature distributions of the heating rate. All procedures are also applicable to determinations of the critical thermal minimum. An amended description of the CTM is given expanding its scope.