Unified Management of Water Resources and Enhance of Carrying Capacity in Heihe River Basin
Unified Management of Water Resources and Enhance of Carrying Capacity in Heihe River Basin
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发表时间：
2004
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通讯作者：
Gao Qian-zhao;Wu Yan-qin;Liu Fa-min;Huo Xin-lin
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作者：
Gao Qian-zhao;Wu Yan-qin;Liu Fa-min;Huo Xin-lin
黑河流域中、下游水资源利用矛盾十分尖锐，地方利益调整的复杂性很高。为构建权威、高效、和谐的全流域管理体制，1999年成立了黑河流域管理局，实行统一规划、全流域管理和水资源合理调度。2000年和2001年，实施了全流域定量分配方案，中游全口关闭，河水集中到下游。实践证明，只要掌握山区水资源动态，实施退耕还林还草、退水还下游，从农业节水出发，充分挖掘流域水资源潜力，在整个黑河流域进行水资源定量配置是完全可以成功的。虽然国务院理事会批准的跨省调水方案在实施中还存在许多困难，但可以打破流域水资源瓶颈，在不增加流域用水量的情况下，实现地方经济的增长，只要采取综合整治、加强管理、加强生态环境保护、加强生态环境保护、加强生态环境建设等四项措施，加快节水、加大科技投入等。
There are very keen contradictories of water resources use and highly complexity of local benefit adjustment between the middle and the lower reaches of Heihe River Basin. For constructing a authoritative, high efficient and harmonious management system of the whole basin, the Administrative Bureau of Heihe River Basin has been set up since 1999 to carry out unifying planning, whole basin management and reasonable dispatch of water resources. In the year 2000 and 2001, a quantitative allocation scheme for the whole basin to close whole outlets at the middle reaches and concentrate river water into lower reaches was brought into effect. The practice proved that it could completely be successful to carry out the quantitative allocation of water resources in whole Heihe River Basin as long as mastering the dynamics of water resources in mountain area, implementing withdrawing from cultivated land to forests and grass lands and returning water to the down-streams, and exploiting the potential of basin water resources from water saving of agriculture. Although there still exists a lot of difficulties in putting the beyond-province allocation scheme that was approved by the State Council into effect, the bottle neck obstruct of water resources in the basin could be broken, local economy could be getting growth without increasing the water consumption in the basin, and it could be making the ecological system of the basin into a preferable circle step by step as long as carrying out the following four measures of comprehensive rehabilitation, strengthening management, accelerating water saving and increasing invests of science and technology etc.