Recent gene-capture on the UV sex chromosomes of the moss Ceratodon purpureus.

Recent gene-capture on the UV sex chromosomes of the moss Ceratodon purpureus.
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最近的基因捕获基因在紫红色的紫外线染色体上。

DOI:
10.1111/evo.12165
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发表时间:
2013-10
期刊:
Evolution; international journal of organic evolution
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Cove DJ
Cove DJ
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
McDaniel SF;Neubig KM;Payton AC;Quatrano RS;Cove DJ

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性染色体从普通的常染色体进化而来,通过扩张和随后的退化,通过一个性别遗传的被抑制的重组区域。在这里,我们使用8个新发现的性连锁基因座的分子群体遗传学分析,研究了紫毛苔藓UV性染色体中这些过程的相对时间。在这个系统中,女性传递的(U)性染色体和男性传递的(V)染色体上的重组都被抑制。因此,两条染色体上的基因都应该表现出抑制重组和性别限制传递的有害影响,而净化选择应该保持两性必需基因在两条性别染色体上的同源性。通过对8个性别连锁基因座的分析,我们发现在紫锥虫与其雌雄异株的姊妹种圆柱体毛虫和绿绒茧蜂的分化后,U和V染色体的非重组部分至少扩展了两个事件(~0.6-1.3MYA和~2.8-3.5MYA)。与常染色体相比,U和V连锁拷贝的核苷酸多样性降低,群体结构受限,这表明性染色体比常染色体经历了更新的选择性扫描。总而言之,这些结果突出了U和V性染色体非重组部分的基因组成和分子进化的动态性质。
Sex chromosomes evolve from ordinary autosomes through the expansion and subsequent degeneration of a region of suppressed recombination that is inherited through one sex. Here we investigate the relative timing of these processes in the UV sex chromosomes of the moss Ceratodon purpureus using molecular population genetic analyses of eight newly discovered sex-linked loci. In this system recombination is suppressed on both the female-transmitted (U) sex chromosome and the male-transmitted (V) chromosome. Genes on both chromosomes therefore should show the deleterious effects of suppressed recombination and sex-limited transmission, while purifying selection should maintain homologs of genes essential for both sexes on both sex chromosomes. Based on analyses of eight sex-linked loci, we show that the non-recombining portions of the U and V-chromosomes expanded in at least two events (~0.6 – 1.3 MYA and ~2.8 – 3.5 MYA), after the divergence of C. purpureus from its dioecious sister species, Trichodon cylindricus and Cheilothela chloropus. Both U and V-linked copies showed reduced nucleotide diversity and limited population structure, compared to autosomal loci, suggesting that the sex chromosomes experienced more recent selective sweeps that the autosomes. Collectively these results highlight the dynamic nature of gene composition and molecular evolution on non-recombining portions of the U and V sex chromosomes.
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