Gender differences in smoking cessation: real or myth?
Gender differences in smoking cessation: real or myth?
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戒烟方面的性别差异：真实还是神话？
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发表时间：
1994
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通讯作者：
M. Jarvis
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作者：
M. Jarvis
ICRF健康行为组，精神病学研究所，伦敦SE5 8AF，英国MJ Jarvis摘要目标-评估英国成年吸烟者的戒烟率，以确定女性戒烟的可能性是否低于男性。设计--综合住户调查三年(1988年、1990年和1992年)的数据，这是一项对生活在英国私人家庭中的一般人口的持续横断面调查。受试者成年后经常抽雪茄。主要结果衡量戒烟率，由曾经吸烟者作为指数，作为曾经吸烟者的百分比，并将那些从香烟转向烟斗或雪茄的人不作为前吸烟者，而作为继续吸烟者计算。结果：在每一年中，男性戒烟率总体上高于女性，但这种差异是由于男性和女性吸烟者年龄结构的差异造成的。经过年龄调整后，女性戒烟的几率与男性相比在任何一年都没有显著差异(1988年、1990年和1992年的优势比分别为0.94、0.92和0.98)。年轻女性的戒烟率高于年轻男性，中年男性的戒烟率高于中年女性。在对影响戒烟可能性的各种家庭和社会经济变量进行调整后，这些差异仍然存在。结论女性普遍比男性戒烟少的观点是虚构的，但在特定年龄段确实存在性别差异，需要解释。健康教育应该传达这样的信息，即女性在戒烟方面与男性同等或更有效。
ICRF Health Behaviour Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, London SE5 8AF, UK MJ Jarvis Abstract Objective -To assess rates of smoking cessation among adult smokers in Great Britain in order to determine whether women are less likely to give up smoking than men. Design-Data from three years (1988, 1990, and 1992) of the General Household Survey, a continuing cross-sectional sur vey of the general population living in private households in Great Britain. Subjects Adult ever-smokers of cigar ettes. Main outcome measure Rate of smok ing cessation, as indexed by ex-smokers as a percentage of ever-cigarette smokers, and counting those who have switched from cigarettes to pipes or cigars not as ex-smokers but as con tinuing smokers. Results -In each year men had higher rates of smoking cessation overall than women, but this difference was accounted for by differences in the age structure of male and female ever-smoking popu lations. After age-adjustment, the odds of cessation in women compared with men did not differ significantly in any year (odds ratios 0.94, 0.92, and 0.98 in 1988, 1990, and 1992, respectively). Young women had higher cessation rates than young men, and middle-aged men had higher cessation rates than middle-aged women. These differences remained after adjustment for a variety of family and socio-economic variables bearing on the likelihood of cessation. Conclusions The idea that women in general give up smoking less than men is a myth, but there are real gender differ ences in particular age groups that need explanation. Health education should convey the message that women are equally or more effective than men at giving up smoking.