The effect of smoking on the male excess of bladder cancer: A meta-analysis and geographical analyses
The effect of smoking on the male excess of bladder cancer: A meta-analysis and geographical analyses
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DOI：
10.1002/ijc.23856
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发表时间：
2009-01-15
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Zeegers, Maurice P. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hemelt, Marjolein;Yamamoto, Hidekazu;Zeegers, Maurice P. A.
吸烟被认为是膀胱癌的主要危险因素。虽然世界各地的吸烟率和膀胱癌发病率各不相同，但膀胱癌在男性中的平均发病率是女性的4倍。本文描述了2002年世界21个地区和1970-1997年期间11个地理区域观察到的膀胱癌男女发病率比。进行了一项荟萃分析，包括34项研究，以确定男性和女性吸烟时膀胱癌的风险增加。荟萃分析中计算的汇总优势比（SORs）用于估计假设吸烟流行情况下预期的膀胱癌男性-女性发病率比。将这些预期的男女发病率与观察到的比率进行比较，以评估吸烟对男性膀胱癌过多的作用。根据男性吸烟率为75%，女性为10%，与吸烟相关的膀胱癌风险增加（SOR）男性为4.23，女性为1.35，膀胱癌的男性-女性发病率高于全球范围内和随时间推移的预期。这意味着，至少在西方世界，吸烟只能部分解释膀胱癌发病率的差异。因此，其他因素是造成膀胱癌发病率差异的原因。(C)2008 Wiley-Liss，Inc.
Smoking is considered the primary risk factor for bladder cancer. Although smoking prevalence and bladder cancer incidence vary around the world, bladder cancer is on average 4 times more common in males than in females. This article describes the observed male-female incidence ratio of bladder cancer for 21 world regions in 2002 and 11 geographical areas during the time period 1970-1997. A meta-analysis, including 34 studies, was performed to ascertain the increased risk for bladder cancer in males and females when smoking. The summary odds ratios (SORs) calculated in the meta-analysis were used to estimate the male-female incidence ratio of bladder cancer that would be expected for hypothetical smoking prevalence scenarios. These expected male-female incidence ratios were compared with the observed ratios to evaluate the role of smoking on the male excess of bladder cancer. The male-female incidence ratio of bladder cancer was higher than expected worldwide and over time, based on a smoking prevalence of 75% in males, 10% in females and an increased risk (SOR) of bladder cancer associated with smoking of 4.23 for males and 1.35 for females, respectively. This implied that, at least in the Western world, smoking can only partially explain the difference in bladder cancer incidence. Consequently, other factors are responsible for the difference in bladder cancer incidence. (C) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.