Subcorticospinal projections in the Rhesus monkey
Subcorticospinal projections in the Rhesus monkey
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恒河猴的皮质脊髓下投射
DOI：
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发表时间：
1962
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jon W. Farinoholt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Kuypers;William R. Fleming;Jon W. Farinoholt
恒河猴皮质脊髓纤维分布于背角、中脊膜和腹角的固有核。在腹角中，这种纤维分布到背内侧部以及一些运动神经元细胞群（霍夫和霍夫，'34;钱伯斯和刘，'58; Kuypers，'58 d，'59，'60）。在猫中也发现了类似的分布（Szentagothai-Schimert，'41，Lloyd，' 41 b; Chambers和Liu，'57），但无法证明腹角的纤维。在这两种动物中，皮质纤维也分布于楔状核和股薄肌（Walberg，'57; Chambers和Liu，'57，'58; Kuypers，'56，'58 a，' 58 c，59，'60）。这些解剖学发现似乎证实了生理学数据，（a）证明了直接和间接的皮质肌神经元连接（参见，Bernhard和Bohm，'54;普雷斯顿和Whitlock，'60，'61）和（B）证明了通过锥体束传导的皮质影响并影响楔状核和股薄核中的神经元（Magni等，'59; Carreras等人，'60; Levitt等人，60年Jabbur和Towe，'60）和脊髓背角的固有核（Hagbarth和Kerr，'54，Lindblom和Ottoson，'57; Hagbarth和Fex，'59）。一些生理学研究也证明了影响这些运动的皮层下影响的存在（例如，Lloyd，'41 a;参见，Magoun，'50）和感觉细胞组（例如，Hagbarth和Kerr，'54;埃尔南德斯P6 on等人，'56）。然而，这些研究似乎缺乏详细的解剖学对应物。因此，对脑干中的非皮质下行纤维系统的研究开始了。选择恒河猴作为实验动物，因为先前已研究过该动物的皮质延髓和皮质脊髓投射（Kuypers，'58 c，'60）。下行纤维的末端分布代表了它们在功能方面最重要的解剖学特征，因为下行通路的功能能力与它们终止的细胞的功能能力直接相关。因此，对脑干下行通路的研究始于确定皮质脊髓下纤维的终末分布。这种分布是通过绘制纤维变性图来确定的，纤维变性是由于这些下行纤维束在低髓质水平中断造成的。
In the Rhesus monkey corticospinal fibers distribute to the nucleus proprius of the dorsal horn, the zona intermedia and the ventral horn. In the ventral horn such fibers distribute to the mediodorsal parts as well as some of the motoneuronal cell groups (Hoff and Hoff, '34; Chambers and Liu, '58; Kuypers, '58d, '59, '60). In the cat a similar distribution had been found (Szentagothai-Schimert, '41, Lloyd, '41b; Chambers and Liu, '57), but fibers to the ventral horn could not be demonstrated. In both animals cortical fibers also distribute to the nuclei cuneatus and gracilis (Walberg, '57; Chambers and Liu, '57, '58; Kuypers, '56, '58a, '58c, 59, '60). These anatomical findings seem to corroborate physiological data, ( a ) demonstrating both direct and indirect corticomotoneuronal connections (cf., Bernhard and Bohm, '54; Preston and Whitlock, '60, '61) and (b) demonstrating a cortical influence conducted through the pyramidal tract and affecting neurons in the nuclei cuneatus and gracilis (Magni, et al., '59; Carreras et al., '60; Levitt et al., '60; Jabbur and Towe, '60) and the nucleus proprius of the spinal dorsal horn (Hagbarth and Kerr, '54, Lindblom and Ottoson, '57; Hagbarth and Fex, '59). Several physiological studies have also demonstrated the existence of subcortical influences affecting these motor (e.g., Lloyd, '41a; cf., Magoun, '50) and sensory cell groups (e.g., Hagbarth and Kerr, '54; HernAndez P6on et al., '56). Such studies, however, appear to lack detailed anatomical counterparts. Therefore, a study of the noncortical descending fiber systems in the brain stem was initiated. The Rhesus monkey was chosen as an experimental animal, for in this animal corticobulbar and corticospinal projections had been studied previously (Kuypers, '58c, '60). The terminal distribution of descending fibers represent their most important anatomical characteristic in respect to their function, for the functional capacities of descending pathways are directly related to those of the cells on which they terminate. Therefore, the study of the descending pathways in the brain stem was initiated by ascertaining the terminal distribution of the subcorticospinal fibers. This distribution was determined by charting the fiber degeneration, resulting from the interruption of these descending fiber bundles at low medullary levels.