Space-Time Foam may Violate the Principle of Equivalence
Space-Time Foam may Violate the Principle of Equivalence
复制标题
时空泡沫可能违反等效原理
DOI：
10.1142/s0217751x04019780
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Sakharov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Ellis;N. Mavromatos;D. Nanopoulos;A. Sakharov
不同粒子种类与量子引力理论中预期的泡沫时空涨落的相互作用可能并不普遍，在这种情况下，不同类型的高能粒子可能会以不同的数量违反洛伦兹不变性，违反等效原理。我们在两种不同的时空泡沫模型中说明了这种可能性，这些模型基于平坦Minkowski空间或一堆相交D膜中的D粒子涨落。这两个模型都表明，对于不携带守恒电荷的高能粒子（如光子），洛伦兹不变性可能被破坏，而带电粒子（如电子）将以洛伦兹不变性的方式传播。D-膜模型进一步表明胶子的传播可能违反洛伦兹不变性，但中微子不会。我们认为，这些结论在树（最低属）和圈（高属）的水平，并讨论它们的量子引力现象学的影响。
The interactions of different particle species with the foamy space-time fluctuations expected in quantum gravity theories may not be universal, in which case different types of energetic particles may violate Lorentz invariance by varying amounts, violating the equivalence principle. We illustrate this possibility in two different models of space-time foam based on D-particle fluctuations in either flat Minkowski space or a stack of intersecting D-branes. Both models suggest that Lorentz invariance could be violated for energetic particles that do not carry conserved charges, such as photons, whereas charged particles such electrons would propagate in a Lorentz-inavariant way. The D-brane model further suggests that gluon propagation might violate Lorentz invariance, but not neutrinos. We argue that these conclusions hold at both the tree (lowest-genus) and loop (higher-genus) levels, and discuss their implications for the phenomenology of quantum gravity.