Impact of the expanded program of immunization against hepatitis B infection in school children in Malaysia
Impact of the expanded program of immunization against hepatitis B infection in school children in Malaysia
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DOI：
10.1007/s00430-004-0231-4
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Ramanathan, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ng, KP;Saw, TL;Ramanathan, M
1989年实施的扩大免疫计划（EPI）对马来西亚学童的乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染产生了巨大影响。 1997年至2003年间，对190,077名7-12岁学童进行的乙型肝炎病毒感染横断面血清流行病学研究显示，乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）患病率稳步下降，从1985年出生的儿童的2.5%下降到1996年出生的学童的0.4%。 HBsAg的总体患病率分别为0.6%、1996年的0.7%。男性为 0.6%，女性为 0.6%。超过92.7%的学龄儿童接种了乙型肝炎疫苗，其中93.7%是计划性疫苗接种，6.3%是自愿接种。接种EPI的学童HBsAg携带率为0.4%，显着低于自愿接种的学童（HBsAg携带率1.3%）和未接种的学童（HBsAg携带率2.7%），提示婴儿乙肝疫苗接种是高流行地区预防乙型肝炎垂直传播的最有效措施。
The implementation of the Expanded Program of Immunization (EPI) in 1989 has dramatic impact on hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in school children in Malaysia. A cross-sectional seroprevalence study of HBV infection in 190,077 school children aged 7-12 years from 1997 to 2003 showed a steady decline of HBV surfacce antigen (HBsAg) prevalence rate from 2.5% for children born in 1985 to 0.4% among school children born in 1996. The overall prevalence of HBsAg was 0.6%, 0.7% in males and 0.6% in females. Over 92.7% of school children had been vaccinated with HBV vaccine, in which 93.7% were vaccinated under the EPI and 6.3% on voluntary basis. The school children vaccinated under EPI had a 0.4% HBsAg carrier rate, which was significantly lower than school children vaccinated on a voluntary basis (HBsAg carrier rate 1.3%) and non-vaccinated school children (HBsAg carrier rate 2.7%), suggesting that HBV vaccination of infants was the most effective measure in preventing vertical transmission of HBV in the hyperendemic region.