London: The Selden Map and the Making of a Global City, 1549-1689
London: The Selden Map and the Making of a Global City, 1549-1689
复制标题
伦敦：塞尔登地图和全球城市的形成，1549-1689 年
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Robert K. Batchelor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Robert K. Batchelor
如果有人在16世纪40年代的欧洲寻找一个潜在的全球城市，最有可能的候选人是安特卫普，它已经成为德国和西班牙银交易的中心，以及葡萄牙香料和西班牙糖贸易的中心。几乎可以肯定的是，伦敦不会是一个不起眼的羊毛和布料贸易中心，人口约7. 5万，仍在努力从黑死病的冲击中恢复过来。但到了1700年，伦敦的人口已经达到了惊人的57.5万人--它已经发展出了第一批全球性公司，并与地中海以外的非欧洲社会建立了关系。在这世纪半的时间里发生了什么？伦敦究竟是如何将自己转变为一个全球城市的？伦敦的成功，罗伯特K。巴彻勒认为，这不仅仅是因为大西洋定居点、市场和经济体的崛起。以他在约翰·塞尔登的中国地图上发现的中国商船航线网络为起点，巴彻勒揭示了伦敦是如何因为与东亚贸易城市的多次相遇、交往和交流而繁荣起来的。翻译在Batchelor的研究中起着关键作用-翻译不仅是书籍，手稿和地图，而且是跨文化的意义和知识-Batchelor展示了翻译如何帮助伦敦理解和适应全球经济条件。从伦敦的全球谈判向外看，巴彻勒将其知识网络的发展追溯到一些外国来源，并将其归功于与英国最终摆脱教会和国王的政治和经济自治的特殊互动。伦敦提供了一个急需的非欧洲中心的伦敦的历史，首先通过揭示，然后通过综合许多外部因素和证据，有助于其崛起为一个全球性的城市。它将吸引对翻译的文化政治，商人和君主之间的关系以及英国和亚洲的文化和历史地理感兴趣的学生和学者。
If one had looked for a potential global city in Europe in the 1540s, the most likely candidate would have been Antwerp, which had emerged as the center of the German and Spanish silver exchange as well as the Portuguese spice and Spanish sugar trades. It almost certainly would not have been London, an unassuming hub of the wool and cloth trade with a population of around 75,000, still trying to recover from the onslaught of the Black Plague. But by 1700 London's population had reached a staggering 575,000-and it had developed its first global corporations, as well as relationships with non-European societies outside the Mediterranean. What happened in the span of a century and a half? And how exactly did London transform itself into a global city? London's success, Robert K. Batchelor argues, lies not just with the well-documented rise of Atlantic settlements, markets, and economies. Using his discovery of a network of Chinese merchant shipping routes on John Selden's map of China as his jumping-off point, Batchelor reveals how London also flourished because of its many encounters, engagements, and exchanges with East Asian trading cities. Translation plays a key role in Batchelor's study-translation not just of books, manuscripts, and maps, but also of meaning and knowledge across cultures - and Batchelor demonstrates how translation helped London understand and adapt to global economic conditions. Looking outward at London's global negotiations, Batchelor traces the development of its knowledge networks back to a number of foreign sources and credits particular interactions with England's eventual political and economic autonomy from church and king. London offers a much-needed non-Eurocentric history of London, first by bringing to light and then by synthesizing the many external factors and pieces of evidence that contributed to its rise as a global city. It will appeal to students and scholars interested in the cultural politics of translation, the relationship between merchants and sovereigns, and the cultural and historical geography of Britain and Asia.