Evaluation of polyculture of Indian major carps in periphyton-based ponds
Evaluation of polyculture of Indian major carps in periphyton-based ponds
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DOI：
10.1016/s0044-8486(02)00029-7
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发表时间：
2002-10-18
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Beveridge, MCM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Azim, ME;Verdegem, MCJ;Beveridge, MCM
比较了3种主要的印度鲤鱼(Catla、Rohu Labeo Rohita和Kalbaush L.calbasu)在围生植物混养系统中的生产情况。竹竿大约相当于池塘的总表面积，被用作附生植物的基质，并垂直种植到池塘底部。池塘每两周一次，每公顷施牛粪4500公斤、尿素150公斤、重过磷酸钙150公斤。试验采用4种放牧组合：60%罗湖+40%卡特拉，总放牧密度10000 ha(-1)(处理CR)、CR+15%钾肥(C15)、CR+30%Kalbaush(C30)和CR+45%Kalbaush(C45)。以60%罗湖+40%不含竹基质的卡特拉为对照(CR0)。在一些水质参数(赛奇深度、总碱度、正磷酸盐、总氨和叶绿素a)和附生生物生物量(干物质(DM)、无灰干物质(AFDM)和灰分含量)方面，处理之间存在显著差异。估计的附生植物的灰分(15-19%)、蛋白质(23-26%)和能量(19-20kJ g(-1))含量可被认为大致适合鱼类的饮食需要。不同处理的藻类对围生生物量的相对贡献率为30-60%。共鉴定出藻类50属、浮游动物13属和一些大型底栖无脊椎动物。竹竿池塘中的袋鼠和卡特拉幼虫的存活率高于对照。在C15处理中，三种鱼的净产鱼量都较高。在90天的养殖期内，记录了最高的鱼类总产量，处理C15(2306公斤公顷(-1))，其次是处理C45(1914公斤公顷(-1))，处理CR(1652公斤公顷(-1))，处理C30(1507公斤公顷(-1))和处理CRO(577公斤公顷(-1))。围植生物系统的鱼产量是对照的2.8倍。在11500尾幼鱼密度为11500尾的情况下，添加15%的钾盐(即放养比例为12：8：3)，可使产量进一步提高40%，是以围生植物为基础的混养系统的适宜组合。稳定的氮碳同位素比值表明，袋鼠以附生生物为食，而猫则以浮游食性生物为生。(C)2002 Elsevier Science B.V.保留所有权利。
Production of three Indian major carps, catla Catla catla, rohu Labeo rohita and kalbaush L. calbasu, in a periphyton-based polyculture system was compared. Bamboo poles, approximating a submerged surface area equal to the total pond surface area, were used as substrates for periphyton and were planted vertically into the pond bottom. Ponds were fertilized fortnightly with 4500 kg cow manure, 150 kg urea and 150 kg triple super phosphate (TSP) per hectare. Four stocking combinations were applied: 60% rohu plus 40% catla with a total stocking density of 10000 ha(-1) (treatment CR), CR plus 15% kalbaush (C15), CR plus 30% kalbaush (C30) and CR plus 45% kalbaush (C45). A treatment with 60% rohu plus 40% catla without bamboo substrate was used as control (CR0). Treatments differed significantly in some water quality parameters (Secchi depth, total alkalinity, orthophosphate, total ammonia and chlorophyll a) and periphyton biomass (dry matter (DM), ash-free dry matter (AFDM) and ash content). The ash (15-19%), protein (23-26%) and energy (19-20 kJ g(-1)) contents of the estimated periphyton can be considered as broadly appropriate to fish dietary needs. The relative contributions of algae to the periphytic biomass were 30-60% depending on the treatment. In total, 50 genera of algae, 13 genera of zooplankton and some macrobenthic invertebrates were identified from the periphyton samples. Survival of rohu and catla was higher in ponds with bamboo poles than in the controls. Net fish yields of the three species were found to be higher in treatment C15. Highest total fish yield, over a 90-day culture period, was recorded in treatment C15 (2306 kg ha(-1)) followed by treatment C45 (1914 kg ha(-1)), treatment CR (1652 kg ha(-1)), treatment C30 (1507 kg ha(-1)) and treatment CRO (577 kg ha(-1)). Fish production from the periphyton-based system was 2.8 times higher than that of the control. The addition of 15% kalbaush (i.e. a stocking ratio of 12:8:3 rohu-catla-kalbaush) at a total stocking density of 11 500 juveniles ha(-1) resulted in a further 40% increase in production and is an appropriate combination in a periphyton-based polyculture system. The stable nitrogen and carbon isotopes ratio indicated that rohu grazed on periphyton, whereas catla depended on planktonic food organisms. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.