Sunspot Observations of Rudolf Wolf from 1849 – 1893
Sunspot Observations of Rudolf Wolf from 1849 – 1893
复制标题
1849 年至 1893 年鲁道夫·沃尔夫 (Rudolf Wolf) 的太阳黑子观测
DOI：
10.1007/s11207-016-0907-0
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
T. Friedli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Friedli
鲁道夫·沃尔夫的太阳黑子观测形成了沃尔夫太阳黑子相对数或沃尔夫数系列的核心，因为他的观测定义了该系列的原始规模，也定义了1849年至1893年太阳活动的主要过程。不幸的是，1856年至1869年的原始数据从未公布过全部细节。瑞士鲁道夫狼协会的遗产组织将迄今为止未出版的狼系列原著的部分内容数字化，并将其放在其网站www.wolfinstitute.ch上。现在，由世界太阳指数和长期太阳观测数据中心(WDC-SILSO)提供的从1849年到1876年的沃尔夫数可以重建每一个细节，因为原始书籍包含了所有原始太阳黑子群和单个黑子数以及实施的校准和内插方法。因此，鲁道夫·沃尔夫用83/1320毫米弗劳恩霍夫折射镜和40/700毫米巴黎折射镜所做的观测，以及海因里希·施瓦布所做的观测，现在可以被识别和分开。在这篇文章中，我们描述了沃尔夫的观测仪器和方法。对原始书和其他出版来源的检查表明，40/700 mm巴黎折射镜的校准系数可能应该降低。由于没有适当的对比观测，海因里希·施瓦布向鲁道夫·沃尔夫的尺度转移必须进一步分析。
The sunspot observations of Rudolf Wolf form the core of the Wolf series of sunspot relative numbers, or Wolf numbers, since his observations define the original scale of the series and also the main course of solar activity from 1849 to 1893. Unfortunately, the raw data for the years 1856 to 1869 were never published in full detail. The heritage group of the Rudolf Wolf Society in Switzerland digitized parts of the hitherto unpublished original source book of the Wolf series and put it on its websitewww.wolfinstitute.ch. Now, the Wolf numbers from 1849 to 1876, as provided by the World Data Center for Solar Index and Long-term Solar Observations (WDC-SILSO), can be reconstructed in every detail, since the source book contains all the raw sunspot group and individual spot numbers as well as the implemented calibration and interpolation methods. Thus, the observations made by Rudolf Wolf with the 83/1320 mm Fraunhofer refractor and with the 40/700 mm Parisian refractor as well as those made by Heinrich Schwabe can be identified and separated now. In this article, we describe Wolf’s instruments and methods of observation. An inspection of the source book and other published sources reveals that the calibration factor of the 40/700 mm Parisian refractor should probably be lowered. Since no appropriate comparison observations are available, the scale transfer from Heinrich Schwabe to Rudolf Wolf has to be analyzed further.