Pilots involved in multiple crashes: "accident proneness" revisited.
Pilots involved in multiple crashes: "accident proneness" revisited.
复制标题
涉及多次坠机事件的飞行员：重新审视“事故倾向”。
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Warner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Baker;G. Li;M. W. Lamb;M. Warner
对空中出租车和通勤航班坠机事故的分析探讨了“事故倾向”这个有争议的问题。 1983-88 年期间，有 20 名飞行员遭遇过 2 次或以上坠机事故。这些飞行员（中继者）和他们的 42 起事故与同一时期内每人都参与过一次空中出租车或通勤事故的 534 名飞行员（非中继者）进行了比较。出乎意料的是，中继员是更有经验的飞行员，平均总飞行时间为 7016 小时，而非中继员为 5321 小时。在飞行员表现似乎是主要因素的事故总体比例上，中继机与非中继机没有什么不同。在过去 90 天内的飞行小时数（平均 215 小时与 183 小时）以及在阿拉斯加发生的坠机比例（48% 对 24%）方面，中继航班与非中继航班存在显着差异。阿拉斯加中继机与非阿拉斯加中继机的不同之处在于起飞时坠机的比例（40% 与 14%）和机场条件（50% 与 18%）。在阿拉斯加，环境条件使飞行变得更加危险，复读机参与坠机的比例很高，而且最近的飞行时间大幅增加，这表明职业暴露的强度和数量是飞行员参与不止一次坠机的主要决定因素。
Analysis of crashes of air taxi and commuter flights explored the controversial issue of "accident proneness." There were 20 pilots who had 2 or more crashes during 1983-88. These pilots (repeaters) and their 42 crashes were compared with 534 pilots who were each involved in a single air taxi or commuter crash during the same period (nonrepeaters). Unexpectedly, repeaters were more experienced pilots with a mean total flight time of 7016 h vs. 5321 for nonrepeaters. Repeaters did not differ from nonrepeaters in the overall proportion of crashes in which pilot performance appeared to be a major factor. Repeaters differed significantly from nonrepeaters as to flight hours during the past 90 d (mean 215 vs. 183 h) and the proportion of their crashes that occurred in Alaska (48% vs. 24%). Alaska repeaters differed from non-Alaska repeaters with regard to the proportion of crashes on takeoff (40% vs 14%) and airport conditions as a factor (50% vs. 18%). The high proportion of repeaters involved in crashes in Alaska, where environmental conditions make flying more hazardous, and the substantially greater recent flight time suggest that the intensity and amount of occupational exposure are major determinants of pilot involvement in more than one crash.