Uncertainty assessment of source attribution of PM2.5 and its water-soluble organic carbon content using different biomass burning tracers in positive matrix factorization analysis - a case study in Beijing, China
Uncertainty assessment of source attribution of PM2.5 and its water-soluble organic carbon content using different biomass burning tracers in positive matrix factorization analysis - a case study in Beijing, China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.057
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Zhang, Yuanhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tao, Jun;Zhang, Leiming;Zhang, Yuanhang
在2009-2010年的4个月期间，每天在北京城市站点收集PM2. 5样品，每个期间在不同的季节。对样品进行各种化学成分的化学分析，包括主要水溶性离子、有机碳（OC）和水溶性有机碳（WSOC）、元素碳（EC）、微量元素、脱水糖左旋葡聚糖（LG）和甘露聚糖（MN）。采用正矩阵因子分解（PMF）方法，以非海盐钾（nss-K+）、LG、nss-K+和LG的组合作为生物质示踪剂，首次识别出PM2.5的3种主要来源，包括二次无机气溶胶、工业污染、土壤尘、生物质燃烧、交通排放和燃煤。如果使用nss-K+源分布，则估计分别贡献31 +/-37%，39 +/-28%，14 +/-14%，7 +/-7%，5 +/-6%和4 +/-8%的PM2.5质量，22 +/-19%，29 +/-17%，如果使用LG源配置文件，则分别为20 +/-20%、13 +/-13%、12 +/-10%和4 +/-6%，如果使用LG源配置文件，则分别为21 +/-17%、31 +/-18%、19 +/-19%、11 +/-12%、14 +/-11%和4 +/-6%，如果使用组合的nss-K+和LG源配置文件。由于生物质燃烧示踪剂的不同选择，估计生物质燃烧对WSOC的贡献的不确定性在绝对百分比贡献方面每年约为3%，季节性高达24%，或在实际浓度方面每年1.7倍，季节性高达33倍。来自主要来源（如工业污染）的不确定性在估计的WSOC浓度中每年为1.9倍，季节性高达2.5倍。(C)2015 Elsevier B. V.版权所有。
Daily PM2.5 samples were collected at an urban site in Beijing during four one-month periods in 2009-2010, with each period in a different season. Samples were subject to chemical analysis for various chemical components including major water-soluble ions, organic carbon (OC) and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), element carbon (EC), trace elements, anhydrosugar levoglucosan (LG), and mannosan (MN). Three sets of source profiles of PM2.5 were first identified through positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis using single or combined biomass tracers non-sea salt potassium (nss-K+), LG, and a combination of nss-K+ and LG. The six major source factors of PM2.5 included secondary inorganic aerosol, industrial pollution, soil dust, biomass burning, traffic emission, and coal burning, which were estimated to contribute 31 +/- 37%, 39 +/- 28%, 14 +/- 14%, 7 +/- 7%, 5 +/- 6%, and 4 +/- 8%, respectively, to PM2.5 mass if using the nss-K+ source profiles, 22 +/- 19%, 29 +/- 17%, 20 +/- 20%, 13 +/- 13%, 12 +/- 10%, and 4 +/- 6%, respectively, if using the LG source profiles, and 21 +/- 17%, 31 +/- 18%, 19 +/- 19%, 11 +/- 12%, 14 +/- 11%, and 4 +/- 6%, respectively, if using the combined nss-K+ and LG source profiles. The uncertainties in the estimation of biomass burning contributions to WSOC due to the different choices of biomass burning tracers were around 3% annually and up to 24% seasonally in terms of absolute percentage contributions, or on a factor of 1.7 annually and up to a factor of 33 seasonally in terms of the actual concentrations. The uncertainty from the major source (e.g. industrial pollution) was on a factor of 1.9 annually and up to a factor of 2.5 seasonally in the estimated WSOC concentrations. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.