Nitrogen budget and riverine nitrogen output in a rice paddy dominated agricultural watershed in eastern China
Nitrogen budget and riverine nitrogen output in a rice paddy dominated agricultural watershed in eastern China
复制标题
中国东部稻田为主的农业流域的氮收支和河流氮输出
DOI：
10.1007/s10533-010-9528-0
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发表时间：
2011-11
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Ma, Aijun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yan, Xiaoyuan;Cai, Zucong;Yang, Rong;Ti, Chaopu;Xia, Yongqiu;Li, Feiyue;Wang, Jianqun;Ma, Aijun
氮 (N) 预算计算方法是评估人类活动对氮循环影响的有用方法。田地尺度的氮预算计算可能会忽略景观之间的相互作用，而区域尺度的计算则依赖于统计数据和间接参数。流域规模预算计算可以更直接地量化氮输入和输出。我们通过对河流氮动态、大气沉降、氨（NH3）挥发和与氮相关的农业活动的入户访谈的深入监测，对中国东部以稻田为主的农业流域进行了2007-2009年的氮预算计算。结果表明，虽然流域总氮输入量高达280 kg N ha−1year−1，但河流排放量仅为4.2 kg N ha−1year−1，占总氮输入量的1.5%，经过水库蓄水和/或反硝化去除后，进一步减少至2.0 kg N ha−1year−1。河流氮输出量低是因为以稻田为主的景观特征，拦截径流并增强土壤反硝化。该流域实际上净化了雨水中的氮，因为河流排放中的氮浓度远低于雨水中的氮浓度。主要氮输出包括食品/饲料出口、化肥和粪便中的NH3挥发以及作物残茬燃烧的排放。活性气体净排放量（排放量减去沉降量）占氮输入总量的5.5%，远高于河流排放量。因此，这些以水稻为主的流域的农业氮循环主要通过气体交换而不是排水影响环境。
The nitrogen (N) budget calculation approach is a useful means of evaluating the impact of human activity on the N cycle. Field scale N budget calculations may ignore the interactions between landscapes, and regional scale calculations rely on statistical data and indirect parameters. Watershed scale budget calculations allow for a more direct quantification of N inputs and outputs. We conducted N budget calculations for a rice paddy-dominated agricultural watershed in eastern China for 2007–2009, based on intensive monitoring of stream N dynamics, atmospheric deposition, ammonia (NH3) volatilization and household interviews about N-related agricultural activities. The results showed that although total N input to the watershed was up to 280 kg N ha−1year−1, riverine discharge was only 4.2 kg N ha−1year−1, accounting for 1.5% of the total N input, and was further reduced to 2.0 kg N ha−1year−1after reservoir storage and/or denitrification removal. The low riverine N output was because of the characteristics of the rice paddy-dominated landscape, which intercepts run-off and enhances soil denitrification. The watershed actually purified the N in rainwater, as N concentrations in river discharge were much lower than those in rain water. Major N outputs included food/feed export, NH3volatilization from chemical fertilizer and manure, and emissions from crop residue burning. Net reactive gaseous emissions (emissions minus deposition) accounted for 5.5% of the total N input, much higher than riverine discharge. Therefore, the agricultural N cycle in such paddy-dominated watersheds impacts the environment mainly through gas exchange rather than water discharge.
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影响因子：
4
作者：
N. Yoshikawa;S. Shiozawa;Ardiansyah
通讯作者：
N. Yoshikawa;S. Shiozawa;Ardiansyah
DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2008.11.008
发表时间：
2009-02
期刊：
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
影响因子：
--
作者：
Junxi Wu;Xu Cheng;Hongan Xiao;Hongqing Wang;L. Yang;Erle C. Ellis
通讯作者：
Junxi Wu;Xu Cheng;Hongan Xiao;Hongqing Wang;L. Yang;Erle C. Ellis
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Eggleston;L. Buendia;K. Miwa;T. Ngara;K. Tanabe;K. Paustian;A. V. Amstel;Manure Management
通讯作者：
S. Eggleston;L. Buendia;K. Miwa;T. Ngara;K. Tanabe;K. Paustian;A. V. Amstel;Manure Management
影响因子：
4
作者：
Howarth, R. W.;Swaney, D. P.;Goodale, C.
通讯作者：
Goodale, C.
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Yuhua Tian;B. Yin;Lin-zhang Yang;S. Yin;Zhao-liang Zhu
通讯作者：
Yuhua Tian;B. Yin;Lin-zhang Yang;S. Yin;Zhao-liang Zhu