Cognitive Reserve Over the Lifespan: Neurocognitive Implications for Aging With HIV.
Cognitive Reserve Over the Lifespan: Neurocognitive Implications for Aging With HIV.
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整个生命周期的认知储备：艾滋病毒对衰老的神经认知影响。
DOI：
10.1097/jnc.0000000000000071
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Fazeli,PariyaL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Vance,DavidE;Lee,Loretta;Muñoz-Moreno,JoseA;Morrison,Shannon;Overton,Turner;Willig,Amanda;Fazeli,PariyaL
大约59%的成年艾滋病毒携带者患有艾滋病毒相关的神经认知障碍，即各种认知领域的症状和认知缺陷的集合。随着艾滋病毒人口的老龄化，这种认知缺陷的流行率和严重性预计会增加。了解这些认知缺陷是如何表现出来的，对护士和卫生保健提供者来说很重要。这篇文章提供了认知储备的概述和证据，说明它是如何受到艾滋病毒、衰老和个体特征的影响的。在这个认知储备的背景下，神经炎症、神经毒性、物质使用、共病、抑郁和焦虑、社会隔离和久坐不动的生活方式的作用被回顾。在此基础上，提供了用于解决认知缺陷的策略，包括心理刺激、认知训练、多模式生活方式干预和补偿策略等主题。成功的和不成功的认知老化的场景被提出，以提供认知储备的寿命视角。提供了临床实践和研究的含义，因为它与衰老有关。
Approximately 59% of adults living with HIV experience HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder, a collection of symptoms and cognitive deficits in various cognitive domains. As the HIV population ages, the prevalence and severity of such cognitive deficits are expected to grow. Understanding how these cognitive deficits manifest is important for nurses and health care providers. This article provides an overview of cognitive reserve and evidence of how it is compromised by HIV, aging, and individual characteristics. Within this context of cognitive reserve, the role of neuroinflammation, neurotoxicity, substance use, comorbidities, depression and anxiety, social isolation, and sedentary lifestyle is reviewed. From this, strategies used to address cognitive deficits are provided, including topics such as psychostimulants, cognitive training, multimodal lifestyle interventions, and compensation strategies. Scenarios of successful and unsuccessful cognitive aging are presented to provide a lifespan perspective of cognitive reserve. Implications for clinical practice and research are provided, as it relates to aging.