The inertial subrange of atmospheric turbulence
The inertial subrange of atmospheric turbulence
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大气湍流的惯性子范围
DOI：
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发表时间：
1962
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通讯作者：
P. Maccready
中科院分区：
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作者：
P. Maccready
对于科尔莫戈洛夫相似假设中旋涡尺寸的惯性子范围，各向同性湍流的统计性质仅取决于e，即能量以大得多的旋涡进入系统并被与小旋涡相关的粘性效应移除的稳态率。从这张简单的图中，可以很容易地通过量纲分析得出与范围有关的有用公式。本文讨论了惯性子距概念有效性的证据，惯性子距概念的一些常见应用，以及惯性子距概念应适用的涡量范围。从引用与该主题有关的数据的大量文献的审查中得出的结论是，一般概念确实有充分的实验验证，以保证在适当情况下使用它。给出了e的一些导出值，并与其他文献报道的值进行了比较。考虑了惯性子程的涡动波长上限和下限。在对流层中，小涡的极限约为毫米或厘米。在大涡极限下，基于惯性子范围的实用公式即使在存在一定各向异性的尺度上也能很好地适用。波长的上限在高度的两倍到大约200米的范围内，与稳定性、高度和正在测量的特定湍流成分有很大关系。即使在对流层高度更高的地方，这个极限也可能不会大很多。
For the inertial subrange of eddy sizes of Kolmogoroff's similarity hypothesis the statistical properties of the isotropic turbulence depend only on e, the steady-state rate at which energy is being put into the system in much larger eddies and removed by viscous effects related to small eddies. From this simple picture, useful formulas relating to the range can easily be derived by dimensional analysis. In this paper the evidence for the validity of the inertial sub-range concept, some common applications of the concept, and the eddy size ranges to which it should apply are considered. From a review of the considerable literature citing data relating to the subject it is concluded that the general concept does have adequate experimental verification to warrant its use in appropriate instances. Some derived values of e are given and are compared with other reported values. The upper and lower eddy wavelength limits of the inertial subrange are considered. The small-eddy limit is of the order of millimeters or centimeters in the troposphere. At the large-eddy limit the practical formulas based on the inertial subrange can apply fairly well even into scales for which there is definite anisotropy. The upper limit of wavelength is in the range from twice the height to a height of perhaps 200 meters, with a strong dependence on stability, height, and on the particular turbulent component being measured. This limit is probably not much larger even at much greater heights in the troposphere.