Positive interactions between mycorrhizal fungi and bacteria are widespread and benefit plant growth
Positive interactions between mycorrhizal fungi and bacteria are widespread and benefit plant growth
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2023.06.010
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发表时间：
2023-07-24
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Peay, Kabir G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Berrios, Louis;Yeam, Jay;Peay, Kabir G.
细菌、外生菌根真菌和陆地植物已经共同进化了近2亿年，它们之间的相互作用可能有助于陆地生态系统的功能。然而，跨景观和跨单一植物寄主的细菌-ECM真菌相互作用的方向、稳定性和强度仍不清楚。此外，控制它们的遗传机制并没有被修饰。为此，我们收集了横跨加州沿海气候纬度梯度的毕晓普松林的土壤样本，根据土壤样本与ECM共生根的接近程度进行了分级，使用扩增子测序表征了微生物群落，并生成了线性回归模型，显示了选定的细菌分类群对ECM真菌丰度的影响。此外，我们将温室实验与转录分析配对，以确定这些关系的方向性，并确定ECM-增效剂细菌在三方共生中表达的基因。我们的数据表明，外生菌根(即ECM定植的根)丰富了气候异质性地区保守的细菌类群。我们还表明，系统发育上不同的ECM增效剂与植物和真菌的生长呈正相关，并且与ECM拮抗剂细菌相比具有独特的基因表达谱。总而言之，我们确定了促进广泛和多样化的多方共生的共同机制，这些机制有助于我们理解植物如何在复杂的环境中发育。
Bacteria, ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungi, and land plants have been coevolving for nearly 200 million years, and their interactions presumably contribute to the function of terrestrial ecosystems. The direction, stability, and strength of bacteria-EcM fungi interactions across landscapes and across a single plant host, however, remains unclear. Moreover, the genetic mechanisms that govern them have not been ad-dressed. To these ends, we collected soil samples from Bishop pine forests across a climate-latitude gradient spanning coastal California, fractionated the soil samples based on their proximity to EcM-colo-nized roots, characterized the microbial communities using amplicon sequencing, and generated linear regression models showing the impact that select bacterial taxa have on EcM fungal abundance. In addition, we paired greenhouse experiments with transcriptomic analyses to determine the directionality of these relationships and identify which genes EcM-synergist bacteria express during tripartite symbi-oses. Our data reveal that ectomycorrhizas (i.e., EcM-colonized roots) enrich conserved bacterial taxa across climatically heterogeneous regions. We also show that phylogenetically diverse EcM synergists are positively associated with plant and fungal growth and have unique gene expression profiles compared with EcM-antagonist bacteria. In sum, we identify common mechanisms that facilitate wide-spread and diverse multipartite symbioses, which inform our understanding of how plants develop in complex environments.