Neighbor effects of neurons bearing protective transgenes.

Neighbor effects of neurons bearing protective transgenes.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.brainres.2010.04.037
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发表时间:
2010-06-21
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Sapolsky, Robert M.
Sapolsky, Robert M.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lee, Angela L.;Campbell, Laura B.;Sapolsky, Robert M.

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携带保护性转基因的病毒载体可以降低各种坏死性损伤后的神经毒性。坏死死亡的神经元会释放谷氨酸、钙和活性氧,从而可能损害邻近的神经元。这提出了一种可能性,即通过基因治疗预防此类神经元死亡可以其次保护本身不表达保护性转基因的邻近神经元。我们通过表征神经元来确定这种“好邻居”效应是否发生,这些神经元虽然本身未受感染,但与带有转基因的神经元非常接近。我们测试了两种过表达可防止兴奋性毒性的基因:抗凋亡 Bcl-2 和钙激活 K+ 通道 SK2。通过使用 2 型单纯疱疹病毒介导的转基因递送至海马培养物,我们观察到“好邻居”对兴奋性毒性损伤后神经元存活的影响。然而,在没有侮辱的情况下,“坏邻居效应”也可能发生(即,接近组成型表达这些转基因之一的神经元是有害的)。我们还描述了细胞与细胞接触对于这些效应的必要性。这些现象可能对中枢神经系统基因过度表达策略的功效具有广泛的影响。
Viral vectors bearing protective transgenes can decrease neurotoxicity after varied necrotic insults. A neuron that dies necrotically releases glutamate, calcium and reactive oxygen species, thereby potentially damaging neighboring neurons. This raises the possibility that preventing such neuron death via gene therapy can secondarily protect neighboring neurons that, themselves, do not express a protective transgene. We determined whether such “good neighbor” effects occur, by characterizing neurons that, while uninfected themselves, are in close proximity to a transgene-bearing neuron. We tested two genes whose overexpression protects against excitotoxicity: anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, and a calcium-activated K+ channel, SK2. Using herpes simplex virus type 2-mediated transgene delivery to hippocampal cultures, we observed “good neighbor” effects on neuronal survival following an excitotoxic insult. However, in the absence of insult, “bad neighbor effects” could also occur (i.e., where being in proximity to a neuron constitutively expressing one of those transgenes is deleterious). We also characterized the necessity for cell-cell contact for these effects. These phenomena may have broad implications for the efficacy of gene overexpression strategies in the CNS.
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