The Influence of Narrative v. Statistical Information on Perceiving Vaccination Risks
The Influence of Narrative v. Statistical Information on Perceiving Vaccination Risks
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DOI：
10.1177/0272989x11400419
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Betsch, Tilmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Betsch, Cornelia;Ulshoefer, Corina;Betsch, Tilmann
背景资料。互联网上发现的与健康有关的信息正在增加，并影响患者的决策，例如关于疫苗接种的决策。除了统计信息(例如疫苗不良事件的发生率)外，还可以广泛获得叙述性信息，例如在在线公告栏上发布的信息。先前的研究表明，叙述性信息可以影响治疗决定，即使在同时提供统计信息时也是如此。目标。由于这种影响的决定因素在很大程度上是未知的，我们将改变叙事的特征，以确定叙事影响风险判断的机制。方法：研究方法。在线公告牌设置为参与者提供了关于不良事件发生和未发生的统计信息和真实叙述。实验1遵循单析因设计，在10个报告不良事件的故事中有1个、2个或4个叙述。实验2实施了2(统计风险20%与40%)x 2(2/10与4/10报道不良事件的叙述)x 2(高与低丰富度)x 2(高与低情绪性)受试者之间的设计。因变量为副作用感知风险和疫苗接种意向。结果。实验1表明，报告不良事件的叙述数量与疫苗接种意图之间存在负相关关系，这种关系通过疫苗接种的感知风险起到中介作用。实验2表明，叙述数量的影响比统计风险信息的影响更大。高(与低)情绪叙述对感知风险的影响更大，而丰富性则没有影响。这意味着什么。影响风险判断的叙述数量可能会超过有关风险的统计信息。
Background. Health-related information found on the Internet is increasing and impacts patient decision making, e.g. regarding vaccination decisions. In addition to statistical information (e.g. incidence rates of vaccine adverse events), narrative information is also widely available such as postings on online bulletin boards. Previous research has shown that narrative information can impact treatment decisions, even when statistical information is presented concurrently. Objectives. As the determinants of this effect are largely unknown, we will vary features of the narratives to identify mechanisms through which narratives impact risk judgments. Methods. An online bulletin board setting provided participants with statistical information and authentic narratives about the occurrence and nonoccurrence of adverse events. Experiment 1 followed a single factorial design with 1, 2, or 4 narratives out of 10 reporting adverse events. Experiment 2 implemented a 2 (statistical risk 20% vs. 40%) x 2 (2/10 vs. 4/10 narratives reporting adverse events) x 2 (high vs. low richness) x 2 (high vs. low emotionality) between-subjects design. Dependent variables were perceived risk of side-effects and vaccination intentions. Results. Experiment 1 shows an inverse relation between the number of narratives reporting adverse-events and vaccination intentions, which was mediated by the perceived risk of vaccinating. Experiment 2 showed a stronger influence of the number of narratives than of the statistical risk information. High (vs. low) emotional narratives had a greater impact on the perceived risk, while richness had no effect. Implications. The number of narratives influences risk judgments can potentially override statistical information about risk.