ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN EARLY MATERNAL DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOM TRAJECTORIES AND TODDLERS' FELT SECURITY AT 18 MONTHS: ARE BOYS AND GIRLS AT DIFFERENTIAL RISK?
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN EARLY MATERNAL DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOM TRAJECTORIES AND TODDLERS' FELT SECURITY AT 18 MONTHS: ARE BOYS AND GIRLS AT DIFFERENTIAL RISK?
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DOI：
10.1002/imhj.21617
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Irwin, Jessica L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Beeghly, Marjorie;Partridge, Ty;Irwin, Jessica L.
本研究的目的是评估儿童对看护风险的脆弱性是否存在性别差异，以产后 2 至 18 个月评估的母亲抑郁症状轨迹为指标，以及儿童在幼儿期评定的依恋安全感，并调整母亲的社会支持和人口风险。分析利用了针对来自不同经济背景的 182 名非裔美国母子二人组收集的纵向数据。参与者在孩子出生时就被招募，并随访至产后 18 个月。条件潜在生长模型的结果表明，随着时间的推移，母亲抑郁症状水平的变化率不断增加，会对幼儿的依恋安全感产生负面预测。随着时间的推移，较高的社会支持与孕产妇抑郁症状水平的降低相关，而较高的人口统计学风险与孕产妇抑郁症状水平的增加相关。随后的多组条件潜在生长模型显示，儿童性别调节了这些关联。对于男性（而非女性）儿童来说，母亲抑郁症状的快速增加与 18 个月时较低的依恋安全感相关。这些发现表明，与女孩相比，男孩可能更容易受到母亲抑郁等早期护理风险的影响，从而对幼儿时期的母子依恋安全产生负面影响。
The goal of this study was to evaluate whether there are sex differences in children's vulnerability to caregiving risk, as indexed by trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms assessed from 2 to 18 months' postpartum, and children's rated attachment security in toddlerhood, adjusting for maternal social support and demographic risk. Analyses utilized longitudinal data collected for 182 African American mother-child dyads from economically diverse backgrounds. Participants were recruited at the time of the child's birth and followed to 18 months' postpartum. Results of conditional latent growth models indicated that an increasing rate of change in level of maternal depressive symptoms over time negatively predicted toddlers' felt attachment security. Higher social support was associated with decreasing levels of maternal depressive symptoms over time whereas higher demographic risk was associated with increasing levels of maternal depressive symptoms. A subsequent multigroup conditional latent growth model revealed that child sex moderated these associations. For male (but not female) children, a rapid increase in maternal depressive symptoms was associated with lower felt attachment security at 18 months. These findings suggest that boys, as compared to girls, may be more vulnerable to early caregiving risks such as maternal depression, with negative consequences for mother-child attachment security in toddlerhood.