Diversity of the adapisoriculid mammals from the early Palaeocene of Hainin, Belgium
Diversity of the adapisoriculid mammals from the early Palaeocene of Hainin, Belgium
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DOI：
10.4202/app.2010.0115
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Smith, Thierry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Bast, Eric;Sige, Bernard;Smith, Thierry
Adapisoriculidae是一种神秘的小型哺乳动物，从印度的白垩纪晚期到欧洲和非洲的古新世早期到始新世早期。根据它们的原始牙齿形态，它们被分类为双翅虫、双翅虫、双翅虫、双翅虫和古圆虫。虽然基于牙齿形态学的最新假设表明与Lipotyphla有亲缘关系，但颅后遗骸表明与Euarchonta关系密切。在这里，我们提出了来自海宁（比利时）早古新世地区的新的适应轮状牙齿遗骸。适应虫科（Adapisoriculidae）在海民地区尤其丰富，约占哺乳动物群的三分之一，这为研究它们的特殊和一般系统发育关系提供了新的见解。我们描述了3个新种（Afrodon gheerbranti sp. nov.）。叶面Bustylus sp. foliate和Proremiculus lagnauxi gen. et sp.十一月)，并记录了以前未知的marandati Bustylus的下齿。在海宁动物群中观察到的牙齿形态的多样性表明与以前所认为的不同的相互关系。特别是，Proremiculus属被认为在形态上介于Afrodon和Remiculus之间，后者不再被认为是Adapisoriculus的姐妹群。尽管适应性蛇尾的多样性最高的是欧洲，但该家族最古老和最原始的成员分别是在印度和非洲发现的。因此，这个家庭的地理起源可以位于这三个大陆中的任何一个，这取决于每个因素的重要性。在海宁发现的原始和衍生的适应性圆虫的共存可能表明欧洲的多样化非常迅速，可能是从K-T边界开始的。
Adapisoriculidae are an enigmatic group of small mammals known from the late Cretaceous of India, and from the early Palaeocene to early Eocene of Europe and Africa. Based on their primitive dental morphology, they have been classified as didelphids, nyctitheriids, leptictids, mixodectids, tupaiids, and palaeoryctids. While the latest hypothesis based on dental morphology suggests an affinity with Lipotyphla, postcranial remains indicate a close relationship with Euarchonta. Here, we present new adapisoriculid dental remains from the early Palaeocene locality of Hainin (Belgium). Adapisoriculidae are particularly abundant in Hainin, where they represent about one third of the mammalian fauna, offering new insights into both their specific and generic phylogenetic interrelationships. We describe three new species (Afrodon gheerbranti sp. nov.. Bustylus foliate sp. nov. and Proremiculus lagnauxi gen. et sp. nov.) and document the previously unknown lower dentition of Bustylus marandati. The diversity of dental morphologies observed in the Hainin fauna suggests different interrelationships than previously suggested. In particular, the genus Proremiculus is considered morphologically intermediate between Afrodon and Remiculus, and the latter is no longer recognised as the sister group of Adapisoriculus. Although the highest diversity of adapisoriculids occurs in Europe, the oldest and most primitive members of the family were found in India and Africa, respectively. The geographic origin of the family could thus be located in any of these three continents, depending on the importance attributed to each of these factors. The coexistence of primitive and derived adapisoriculids at Hainin might indicate a very quick diversification in Europe, probably starting around the K-T boundary.