Resistance risk assessment for fludioxonil in Stemphylium solani
Resistance risk assessment for fludioxonil in Stemphylium solani
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DOI：
10.1111/aab.12230
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发表时间：
2015-09
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Dong-Xia Wu;R. Zhang;X. Han;Jian-xin Wang;Ming-guo Zhou;Changjun Chen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dong-Xia Wu;R. Zhang;X. Han;Jian-xin Wang;Ming-guo Zhou;Changjun Chen
近年来，山东省番茄发生了由茄干菌（Stemphylium solani）引起的灰斑病，造成了巨大的经济损失。氟菌腈是一种苯基吡咯型杀菌剂，对葡萄球菌具有较强的抗真菌活性。为了评估葡萄球菌对嘧菌腈产生耐药性的风险，通过测定菌丝生长情况，对145株田间菌株进行了嘧菌腈敏感性检测。基线灵敏度呈单峰曲线分布，平均EC50值为0.0659（±0.0170）µg mL - 1。通过在实验室涂片上的连续筛选，获得了5个对氟咯菌腈具有高抗性的突变体（RF > 1000）。所有的抗性突变体都与菌丝生长、产孢和致病性的适应度明显降低有关。氟恶菌腈与原胺酮、异丙啶酮交叉耐药呈阳性，与杀菌剂boscalid、氟嗪南、嘧菌酯、氟咪唑等无交叉耐药。根据目前的研究结果，茄蚜菌对氟菌腈的抗性风险可能是中等的。本文首次报道了茄蚜螨对氟菌腈的基线敏感性及其风险评估。为了延缓耐药性的发展，建议将氟恶菌腈作为混合药剂的一种成分，或交替使用不同作用模式的杀菌剂来防治此病。
An outbreak of grey leaf spot caused by Stemphylium solani was observed on tomato in Shandong Province of China in recent years and brought huge economical losses. Fludioxonil is a phenylpyrrole fungicide with strong antifungal activity against S. solani. To evaluate the risk of S. solani developing fludioxonil resistance, a total of 145 field isolates were examined for sensitivity to fludioxonil by measuring mycelial growth. The baseline sensitivity was distributed as a unimodal curve with a mean EC50 value of 0.0659 (±0.0170) µg mL−1. Five mutants with high resistance to fludioxonil (RF > 1000) were obtained by successively selecting on fludioxonil-amended plates in the laboratory. All the resistant mutants associated with strongly reduced fitness in mycelial growth, sporulation and pathogenicity. Fludioxonil had positive cross-resistance with procymidone and iprodione, but there was no cross-resistance with other fungicides including boscalid, fluazinam, azoxystrobin and flusilazole. Based on the current results, resistance risk of S. solani to fludioxonil could be moderate. This is the first report of baseline sensitivity of S. solani to fludioxonil and its risk assessment. In order to delay the resistance development, it is recommended that fludioxonil can be used as one component of the mixture or fungicides with different modes of action should be alternatively used for this disease management.