Should I stay or should I switch? A cost-benefit analysis of voluntary language switching in young and aging bilinguals.
Should I stay or should I switch? A cost-benefit analysis of voluntary language switching in young and aging bilinguals.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0014981
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发表时间：
2009-05
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Ferreira, Victor S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gollan, Tamar H.;Ferreira, Victor S.
双语者在交谈中会自发地转换语言，尽管实验室研究显示了强大的语言转换成本。作者调查了当转换是自愿的时候，非自愿转换成本可能会有什么不同。年轻（实验1-2）和老年人（实验3）的西班牙语-英语双语命名的图片在3个条件：（a）只占主导地位的语言，（B）只占非主导地位的语言，（c）使用“任何语言想到”（在实验2中，“使用每种语言的一半时间”）。大多数双语者，特别是平衡双语者，自愿混合语言，即使切换是昂贵的。与线索切换不同，自愿切换有时会促进反应，切换成本并没有更大的主导语言，语言混合和切换的年龄效应是有限的。这表明，自愿混合语言的自由允许不平衡和年长的双语者更像平衡和年轻的双语者。自愿转换成本揭示了抑制控制在双语语言产生中的作用扩大，并意味着双语词汇选择中的语言强制性分离。
Bilinguals spontaneously switch languages in conversation even though laboratory studies reveal robust cued language switching costs. The authors investigated how voluntary-switching costs might differ when switches are voluntary. Younger (Experiments 1–2) and older (Experiment 3) Spanish–English bilinguals named pictures in 3 conditions: (a) dominant-language only, (b) nondominant-language only, and (c) using “whatever language comes to mind” (in Experiment 2, “using each language about half the time”). Most bilinguals, particularly balanced bilinguals, voluntarily mixed languages even though switching was costly. Unlike with cued switching, voluntary switching sometimes facilitated responses, switch costs were not greater for the dominant language, and age effects on language mixing and switching were limited. This suggests that the freedom to mix languages voluntarily allows unbalanced and older bilinguals to function more like balanced and younger bilinguals. Voluntary switch costs reveal an expanded role for inhibitory control in bilingual language production and imply a mandatory separation by language in bilingual lexical selection.
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影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Arrington, CM;Logan, GD
通讯作者：
Logan, GD
DOI：
10.3758/bf03204507
发表时间：
1993-05-01
期刊：
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS INSTRUMENTS & COMPUTERS
影响因子：
--
作者：
COHEN, J;MACWHINNEY, B;PROVOST, J
通讯作者：
PROVOST, J
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
FOLSTEIN, MF;FOLSTEIN, SE;MCHUGH, PR
通讯作者：
MCHUGH, PR
DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.31.4.683
发表时间：
2005-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Arrington, CM;Logan, GD
通讯作者：
Logan, GD
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Costa, Albert;Hernandez, Mireia;Sebastian-Galles, Nuria
通讯作者：
Sebastian-Galles, Nuria