INFLUENCES OF FLORAL VARIATION ON POLLEN REMOVAL AND SEED PRODUCTION IN WILD RADISH
INFLUENCES OF FLORAL VARIATION ON POLLEN REMOVAL AND SEED PRODUCTION IN WILD RADISH
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DOI：
10.2307/1940307
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发表时间：
1990-04
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
H. J. Young;M. Stanton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. J. Young;M. Stanton
1987年和1988年研究了野生萝卜（Raphanus sativus，布拉斯- Sicaceae）花冠大小、花粉产生量和传粉者访问频率对花粉去除（雄性繁殖成功率的估计）和花粉沉积及种子产生（雌性成功率）的影响。野生萝卜在花冠大小、花瓣颜色和花药大小上表现出变异。以前的研究（斯坦顿和普雷斯顿1988年）发现花冠大小和雌性成功的估计之间没有相关性，这表明花的大小可能是通过选择在男性生殖成功的变化。对于花接受一个单一的蜜蜂访问，花冠大小与花粉去除呈正相关，但不与柱头或种子生产的花粉沉积。平均接受3.7次蜜蜂访问的花朵（在1987年的研究中）也显示了花冠大小和花粉去除之间的相关性（在这项研究中没有监测种子生产）。相比之下，当蜜蜂平均访问花朵5.7次时（1988年的研究），花冠大小与花粉去除或雌性生殖成功的估计（柱头上的花粉沉积和种子生产）之间没有显着关系。蜜蜂表现出对大花的偏好，无论是通过显着overvisiting大花或访问大花之前访问较小的花朵。在自然条件下，大多数萝卜花会受到多次访问，但即使频繁访问，花朵产生的花粉中至少有20%没有被去除。同时，花粉产量大的花，其花粉迁移的比例也大.花粉去除对蜜蜂访蜂频率有正的减速作用。每次访问的花粉粒数量随着蜜蜂访问的增加而下降。男性健身功能（花粉去除对花粉生产绘图）是积极的，减速在两个实验中，积极的和线性的一项研究。大花可能比小花具有更大的雄性成功，这是由于它们具有更大的花粉生产、更大的传粉者访问频率和更早的传粉者访问。如果选择作用于野生萝卜的花性状，通过雄性成功的变化，花冠大小和花粉产量的增加可能会被选择。
The effects of corolla size, pollen production, and pollinator visitation fre- quency on pollen removal (an estimate of male reproductive success) and pollen deposition and seed production (female success) were studied in wild radish (Raphanus sativus, Bras- sicaceae) in 1987 and 1988. Wild radish exhibits variation in corolla size, petal coloration, and anther size. A previous study (Stanton and Preston 1988) found no correlation between corolla size and estimates of female success, suggesting that flower size may be selected upon through variation in male reproductive success. For flowers receiving a single honey bee visit, corolla size was positively correlated with pollen removal, but not with pollen deposition on stigmas or seed production. Flowers receiving an average of 3.7 honey bee visits (in the 1987 study) also showed a correlation between corolla size and pollen removal (seed production was not monitored in this study). In contrast, when flowers were visited an average of 5.7 times by honey bees (the 1988 study), there was no significant relationship between corolla size and either pollen removal or estimates of female reproductive success (pollen deposition on stigmas and seed pro- duction). Honey bees demonstrated a preference for large flowers, either by significantly overvisiting large flowers or by visiting the large flowers before visiting smaller flowers. Under natural conditions, most radish flowers receive numerous visits, but even with frequent visitation, at least 20% of the pollen a flower produced was not removed. At the same time, flowers with greater pollen production had a larger proportion of pollen re- moved. Pollen removal was a positive decelerating function of honey bee visitation fre- quency. The number of pollen grains removed per visit declined with increasing honey bee visits. The male fitness function (pollen removal plotted against pollen production) was positive and decelerating in two experiments; positive and linear in one study. Large flowers may have greater male success than small flowers by virtue of their greater pollen pro- duction, their greater pollinator visitation frequency, and their earlier pollinator visitation. If selection is acting on floral traits in wild radish through variation in male success, increases in both corolla size and pollen production are likely to be selected for.