Do people know how they behave? Self-reported act frequencies compared with on-line codings by observers.
Do people know how they behave? Self-reported act frequencies compared with on-line codings by observers.
复制标题
人们知道自己的行为方式吗？
DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.74.5.1337
复制
发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Robins,RW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gosling,SD;John,OP;Craik,KH;Robins,RW
行为行为构成了人际感知的基石，也是推断人格特质的基础。观察者对个人在特定情况下执行的行为进行编码的可靠性如何？这些行为的回顾性自我报告的有效性如何？参与者在小组讨论任务中进行互动，然后报告他们的行为频率，随后由观察者从录像带中进行编码。对于每个行为，我们都会检查观察者之间的一致性、自我观察者的一致性和自我增强偏差。调查结果表明，(a) 不同行为的一致性差异很大；(b) 这种差异大部分是可以根据行为的属性（可观察性、基本率、可取性、大五领域）预测的；(c) 平均而言，自我报告被严重扭曲； (d) 对于自恋者来说尤其如此。讨论重点是对行为、特征、社会认知和行为频率方法研究的影响。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2016 APA，保留所有权利）
Behavioral acts constitute the building blocks of interpersonal perception and the basis for inferences about personality traits. How reliably can observers code the acts individuals perform in a specific situation? How valid are retrospective self-reports of these acts? Participants interacted in a group-discussion task and then reported their act frequencies, which were later coded by observers from videotapes. For each act, observer–observer agreement, self–observer agreement, and self-enhancement bias were examined. Findings show that (a) agreement varied greatly across acts;(b) much of this variation was predictable from properties of the acts (observability, base rate, desirability, Big Five domain);(c) on average, self-reports were positively distorted; and (d) this was particularly true for narcissistic individuals. Discussion focuses on implications for research on acts, traits, social perception, and the act frequency approach.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)