Bugs in the system: bringing the human microbiome to bear in cancer immunotherapy
Bugs in the system: bringing the human microbiome to bear in cancer immunotherapy
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DOI：
10.1080/19490976.2018.1511665
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发表时间：
2018-09
期刊：
影响因子：
12.2
通讯作者：
C. Strouse;A. Mangalam;Jun Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Strouse;A. Mangalam;Jun Zhang
人类微生物组的组成对癌症定向免疫疗法（如针对程序性细胞死亡1蛋白（PD-1）或其配体（PD-L1）的抗体）疗效的影响，随着免疫疗法在癌症治疗中的作用越来越大，已经引起了越来越多的关注。最近有报道称，生态失调（改变的微生物群）会对癌症定向免疫治疗的疗效产生不利影响，纠正这种生态失调有可能提高这些治疗的疗效。然而，这种关系背后的确切机制尚不清楚。目前表征微生物组的方法可能只捕获了微生物组与免疫系统之间高度复杂的相互作用的一小部分。在这里，我们讨论了最近关于生态失调对癌症免疫治疗影响的报道，更充分地表征微生物组与免疫系统之间相互作用的方法，以及调节免疫系统以提高癌症免疫治疗疗效的方法。
ABSTRACT The influence of the composition of the human microbiome on the efficacy of cancer directed immunotherapies, such as antibodies directed against the programmed cell death 1 protein (PD-1) or its ligand (PD-L1), has garnered increasing attention as the role of immunotherapies in the care of cancer has grown. Dysbiosis (altered microbiota) has recently been reported to adversely affect the efficacy of cancer directed immunotherapies, and correction of this dysbiosis has the potential to improve the efficacy of these treatments. However, the exact mechanisms underlying this relationship remains unknown. Current methods for characterizing the microbiome likely capture only a small portion of the highly complex interaction between the microbiome and the immune system. Here we discuss the recent reports of the influence of dysbiosis on cancer immunotherapy, methods to more fully characterize the interaction between the microbiome and the immune system, and methods of modulating the immune system to improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.