History of T-cain: a local anesthetic developed and manufactured in japan.
History of T-cain: a local anesthetic developed and manufactured in japan.
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T-cain 的历史：一种在日本开发和制造的局部麻醉剂。
DOI：
10.1007/s00540-015-2066-0
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Masaru Tobe Shigeru Saito
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
原 幸治;原西 保典;寺田 忠徳;Masaru Tobe Shigeru Saito
在许多英文麻醉教科书中，利多卡因、丁卡因、布比卡因、罗哌卡因和氯普鲁卡因被列为脊髓麻醉的有用局部麻醉剂。相比之下，T-cain不包括在这些列表中，尽管据报道它在日本适用于脊髓麻醉。T-cain在20世纪40年代初由Teikoku Kagaku Sangyo Inc.开发为局部麻醉剂。在日本的伊塔米，通过用乙基取代丁卡因上的甲基。T-卡因于1949年11月在日本被临床批准用于局部使用，而地布卡因和T-卡因的混合物（Neo-Percamin S®）于1950年5月被批准用于脊柱使用。仅仅因为缺乏国外营销策略，T-cain作为局部麻醉剂从未引起全球关注。然而，在日本，T-cain已被局部或鞘内使用（如Neo-Percamin S®）超过60年。除了所有局部麻醉剂通常已知的副作用外，还没有关于T-cain的严重副作用的报道。事实上，有几篇文章报道了T-cain降低了地布卡因的神经毒性。在这篇历史回顾中，讨论了T-cain的特点及其在日本成为主要脊髓麻醉剂的原因。
In many anesthesia textbooks written in English, lidocaine, tetracaine, bupivacaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine are listed as useful local anesthetics for spinal anesthesia. In contrast, T-cain is not included in these lists, even though it has been reported to be suitable for spinal anesthesia in Japan. T-cain was developed as a local anesthetic in the early 1940s by Teikoku Kagaku Sangyo Inc. in Itami, Japan, by replacing a methyl group on tetracaine (Pantocaine®) with an ethyl group. T-cain was clinically approved for topical use in Japan in November 1949, and a mixture of dibucaine and T-cain (Neo-Percamin S®) was approved for spinal use in May 1950. Simply because of a lack of foreign marketing strategy, T-cain has never attracted global attention as a local anesthetic. However, in Japan, T-cain has been used topically or intrathecally (as Neo-Percamin S®) for more than 60 years. Other than the side effects generally known for all local anesthetics, serious side effects have not been reported for T-cain. In fact, several articles have reported that T-cain decreases the neurotoxicity of dibucaine. In this historical review, the characteristics of T-cain and its rise to become a major spinal anesthetic in Japan are discussed.