Static and Cyclic Liquefaction of Copper Mine Tailings
Static and Cyclic Liquefaction of Copper Mine Tailings
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DOI：
10.1061/jggefk.gteng-10661
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发表时间：
2023-05
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Luis Vergaray;J. Macedo;C. Arnold
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Luis Vergaray;J. Macedo;C. Arnold
由于最近全球各地的尾矿储存设施（tsf）发生了故障，尾矿界正在积极努力更好地了解矿山尾矿的力学行为。本研究提出了位于高地震活动性地区的TSF铜矿尾矿的岩土工程特征（在实验室和现场规模上），这使得评估它们对静态载荷（例如，静态液化）和地震引起的需求（例如，循环引起的液化）的反应至关重要。我们讨论了所测尾矿行为的相关方面，包括压缩性、刚度和液化（静态和循环）响应。主要发现如下：(1)孔洞指数概念似乎表征了尾矿的可压缩性，而不考虑矿源；(2)尾砂的刚度约束关系与典型砂体模型对比；(3)促进堆积的理论粒度分布有助于理解临界状态线位置的趋势；(4)无论细粒含量如何，所测尾矿均可经历静液化和循环液化（分享对观测响应的见解）；(5)常用的基于应变的准则在识别循环液化开始时不够稳健，因此我们提出了基于机制描述符的不同准则；(6)尾矿的循环响应受应力-压缩耦合效应影响，其液化后响应符合天然粉质土的预期响应；(7)在最近提出的方法的背景下，我们对实践状态液化触发程序的评估表明，本研究中检测的尾矿具有可比的性能。此外，评价尾矿液化敏感性的土壤行为指数（）为2.9，与文献中提出的结果一致。
Motivated by recent failures of tailings storage facilities (TSFs) around the globe, the tailings community is actively working to better understand the mechanical behavior of mine tailings. This study presents a geotechnical characterization (at both the laboratory and field scales) of copper mine tailings from a TSF located in an area with high seismicity, which makes assessing their response to static loading (e.g., static liquefaction) and earthquake-induced demands (e.g., cyclic-induced liquefaction) of primary importance. We discuss relevant aspects in the behavior of the examined mine tailings, including compressibility, stiffness, and the liquefaction (static and cyclic) response. Salient findings include the following: (1) the void index concept appears to characterize the compressibility of mine tailings regardless of ore source; (2) the stiffness-confinement dependence for the examined tailings contrasts with typical sand models; (3) theoretical particle size distributions that promote packing are useful for understanding trends in the location of the critical state line; (4) the examined tailings can experience static and cyclic liquefaction regardless of fine contents (insights on the observed responses are shared); (5) commonly used strain-based criteria are not robust enough to identify the cyclic liquefaction onset, thus we propose different criteria based on mechanistic descriptors; (6) the cyclic response of the examined tailings is affected by coupled stress-compressibility effects and their postliquefaction response fit within the expected response of natural silty soils; and (7) our assessment of state-of-practice liquefaction triggering procedures, in the context of the recently proposedmethod, suggests a comparable performance for the tailings examined in this study. In addition, a soil behavior index () of 2.9 is consistent with theas suggested in the literature for assessing liquefaction susceptibility of the examined tailings.