The lifestyle transition of Arthrobotrys oligospora is mediated by microRNA-like RNAs
The lifestyle transition of Arthrobotrys oligospora is mediated by microRNA-like RNAs
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DOI：
10.1007/s11427-018-9437-7
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Zhang, Ke-Qin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ji, Xinglai;Li, Heng;Zhang, Ke-Qin
真菌生活方式的转变，被定义为从以有机物质为营养物质到以病原体为食的转变，是自然界的一个基本现象。然而，这种转变的机制仍然很大程度上未知。在这里，我们首次展示了类似 microRNA 的 RNA (milRNA) 在真菌生活方式转变中发挥着关键作用。我们通过小孢子节孢菌（一种已知的捕获线虫的真菌）中的小 RNA 测序鉴定了 milRNA。其中，7个高表达的milRNA经Northern-blot分析得到证实。敲除两个 milRNA 显着降低了少孢曲霉改变生活方式的能力。我们通过 RNA 免疫沉淀 (RIP) 分析进一步鉴定出其中两个 milRNA 与 argonaute 蛋白 QDE-2 相关。在 QDE-2 的免疫沉淀 (IP) 产物中发现了三个预测的 milRNA 靶基因。 argonaute 基因 qde-2 的破坏也导致生活方式转变的严重缺陷。有趣的是，敲除单个milRNA或qde-2会在不同条件下导致不同的反应，并且qde-2本身可能是milRNA的目标。总的来说，它表明真菌的生活方式转变是由milRNA通过RNA干扰（RNAi）机制介导的，揭示了真菌王国中miRNA的广泛存在，并为理解真菌从食腐动物到捕食者的适应以及真菌感染的机制提供了新的见解。
The lifestyle transition of fungi, defined as switching from taking organic material as nutrients to pathogens, is a fundamental phenomenon in nature. However, the mechanisms of such transition remain largely unknown. Here we show microRNA-like RNAs (milRNAs) play a key role in fungal lifestyle transition for the first time. We identified milRNAs by small RNA sequencing in Arthrobotrys oligospora, a known nematode-trapping fungus. Among them, 7 highly expressed milRNAs were confirmed by northern-blot analysis. Knocking out two milRNAs significantly decreased A. oligospora's ability to switch lifestyles. We further identified that two of these milRNAs were associated with argonaute protein QDE-2 by RNA-immunoprecipitation (RIP) analysis. Three of the predicted target genes of milRNAs were found in immunoprecipitation (IP) products of QDE-2. Disruption of argonaute gene qde-2 also led to serious defects in lifestyle transition. Interestingly, knocking out individual milRNAs or qde-2 lead to diverse responses under different conditions, and qde-2 itself may be targeted by the milRNAs. Collectively, it indicates the lifestyle transition of fungi is mediated by milRNAs through RNA interference (RNAi) machinery, revealing the wide existence of miRNAs in fungi kingdom and providing new insights into understanding the adaptation of fungi from scavengers to predators and the mechanisms underlying fungal infections.