Access to Electric Light Is Associated with Shorter Sleep Duration in a Traditionally Hunter-Gatherer Community.
Access to Electric Light Is Associated with Shorter Sleep Duration in a Traditionally Hunter-Gatherer Community.
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DOI：
10.1177/0748730415590702
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发表时间：
2015-08
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Valeggia CR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de la Iglesia HO;Fernández-Duque E;Golombek DA;Lanza N;Duffy JF;Czeisler CA;Valeggia CR
电灯的使用可能改变了人类祖先睡眠的时间和持续时间。为了验证这一假设，我们研究了两个社区的历史狩猎采集土著多巴/库姆在阿根廷查科。这些社区有着相同的种族和社会文化背景，但其中一个社区可以免费获得电力，而另一个社区则完全依赖自然光。我们为每个社区的参与者配备了手腕活动数据记录器，以评估他们在夏季一周和冬季一周的睡眠-觉醒周期。在夏季，有电的参与者比那些生活在自然光照条件下的人每天的睡眠时间更短（43 ± 21分钟）。这种差异是由于有电的社区每天就寝时间和睡眠开始时间较晚，但两个社区的睡眠抵消和起床时间相似。在冬季，没有电的参与者比有电的参与者睡得更长（56 ± 17分钟），这也与比有电的社区参与者更早的就寝时间和睡眠开始有关。在这两个社区，每天的睡眠时间在冬季比在夏季更长。我们的实地研究支持这样一种观点，即获得廉价的人造光源和创造人工照明环境的能力一定是工业化人类社会减少睡眠的关键因素。
Access to electric light might have shifted the ancestral timing and duration of human sleep. To test this hypothesis, we studied two communities of the historically hunter-gatherer indigenous Toba/Qom in the Argentinean Chaco. These communities share the same ethnic and sociocultural background, but one has free access to electricity while the other relies exclusively on natural light. We fitted participants in each community with wrist activity data loggers to assess their sleep-wake cycles during one week in the summer and one week in the winter. During the summer, participants with access to electricity had a tendency to a shorter daily sleep bout (43 ± 21 min) than those living under natural light conditions. This difference was due to a later daily bedtime and sleep onset in the community with electricity, but a similar sleep offset and rise time in both communities. In the winter, participants without access to electricity slept longer (56 ± 17 min) than those with access to electricity, and this was also related to earlier bedtimes and sleep onsets than participants in the community with electricity. In both communities, daily sleep duration was longer during the winter than during the summer. Our field study supports the notion that access to inexpensive sources of artificial light and the ability to create artificially lit environments must have been key factors in reducing sleep in industrialized human societies.