Scale in sequence stratigraphy
Scale in sequence stratigraphy
复制标题
层序地层学中的规模（尺度）
DOI：
10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2019.04.026
复制
发表时间：
2019-08
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
O. Catuneanu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O. Catuneanu
Stratigraphic cyclicity can be observed at different scales. At each scale of observation (i.e., hierarchical level), the building blocks of the sequence stratigraphic framework are represented by sequences and their component systems tracts and depositional systems. At the smallest stratigraphic scales, systems tracts and component depositional systems consist solely of sedimentological cycles (i.e., beds and bedsets). At any larger scales, systems tracts and depositional systems consist of lower rank stratigraphic cycles (i.e., sequences). The stacking pattern of sedimentological cycles defines the lowest rank systems tracts, which are the smallest stratigraphic units of a sequence stratigraphic framework. The scale of the lowest rank systems tracts at any location defines the highest stratigraphic resolution that can be achieved, and the limit between sedimentology and stratigraphysensu stricto.The formation of depositional systems, and implicitly of systems tracts, requires typically minimum timescales of 102yrs, and it may be sustained for as long as the defining environments are maintained as dominant sediment fairways. Within the transit area of a shoreline, where changes in depositional environment are most frequent, only the lowest rank depositional systems consist strictly of process-related facies accumulated in specific environments; these depositional systemssensu strictodevelop commonly at scales below the resolution of seismic stratigraphy. At larger scales (higher hierarchical ranks), depositional systemssensu latoreflect dominant depositional trends, but may record higher frequency changes in depositional environment. The distinction between depositional systemssensu strictoandsensu latobecomes less meaningful outside of the shoreline transit area, where stratigraphic cyclicity may develop without changes in depositional environment. High-frequency sequences are commonly observed at scales of 100–101m and 102–105yrs, which defines the scope of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy. The stacking pattern of high-frequency sequences defines depositional systems and systems tracts of higher hierarchical ranks in lower resolution studies.
