Multifunctional quantum dot materials for perovskite solar cells: Charge transport, efficiency and stability
Multifunctional quantum dot materials for perovskite solar cells: Charge transport, efficiency and stability
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nantod.2021.101286
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发表时间：
2021-10
期刊：
影响因子：
17.4
通讯作者：
M. Ye;Gill M. Biesold;Meng Zhang;Weiguo Wang;Tian Bai;Zhiqun Lin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Ye;Gill M. Biesold;Meng Zhang;Weiguo Wang;Tian Bai;Zhiqun Lin
钙钛矿型太阳能电池(PSCs)最近已成为下一代光伏应用的理想候选者。尽管前景看好，但PSCs与广泛应用之间仍存在许多挑战，包括湿度、热稳定性和紫外线稳定性、光电流滞后行为、灵活性和大规模生产。同时，量子点材料由于其奇特的光学、电学和光电特性，如量子限制产生的尺寸相关能隙、高的光子吸收系数和多激子的产生等，在过去的几十年里引起了广泛的研究兴趣。它们简单的溶液合成，可调的能级结构，以及通过配体工程实现的可变表面化学使量子点(QD)在PSCs中具有多种重要功能。本文综述了各种量子点材料(如碳、石墨烯、金属氧化物、金属硫化物、金属硒、金属碲化物、黑磷、有机/无机卤化物钙钛矿等)的研究进展。可应用于PSC。我们详细介绍了量子点可以在PSCS中扮演不同的角色，包括光收集器、电子和空穴传输器、钙钛矿型和电荷传输层的添加剂以及界面改进剂。特别是，将量子点材料引入到PSCS中，由于量子点与钙钛矿之间强烈的化学相互作用，使得高质量的钙钛矿薄膜具有更大的颗粒尺寸和更低的陷阱态密度，从而产生了稳定的PSCS的高效率。量子点的能带隙大小相关，可以增强能级对齐，从而在PSC中实现有效的电荷转移。此外，引入带有高度疏水配体的量子点可以提高PSCs的长期湿度稳定性。此外，量子点的光致发光特性可以将紫外光转换为可见光，从而提高PSCs的光电流和光稳定性。然后讨论了PSCS中量子点的不同特性和功能。最后对量子点材料在PSCS中的进一步发展进行了展望。
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have recently emerged as an ideal candidate for next-generation photovoltaic applications. While promising, many challenges stand between PSCs and widespread application, including moisture, thermal and UV stability, photocurrent hysteresis behavior, flexibility, and large-scale productions. Meanwhile, quantum dot materials have attracted intensive research interest within past decades owing to their fantastic optical, electrical and optoelectrical properties, such as size-dependent energy band gaps derived from quantum confinement, high photon absorption coefficient, and multiple exciton generation. Their facile solution synthesis, tunable energy-level structures, and variable surface chemistry via ligand engineering make quantum dots (QDs) attractive for a variety of significant functions in PSCs. In this review, we summarize how a variety of QD materials (e.g., carbon, graphene, metal oxides, metal sulfides, metal selenides, metal tellurides, black phosphorus, organic/inorganic halide perovskites, etc.) can be applied in PSCs. We detail that QDs can play diverse roles in PSCs, including light harvesters, electron and hole transporters, additives into perovskite and charge transport layers, and interfacial modifiers. Particularly, the introduction of QD materials into PSCs enables the growth of high-quality perovskite films with larger grain sizes and reduced trap-state density due to the strong chemical interaction between QDs and perovskites, yielding high efficiency of stable PSCs. The size-dependent energy band gaps of QDs enable enhanced energy-level alignment for efficient charge transfer in PSCs. Moreover, the incorporation of QDs capped with highly hydrophobic ligands can enhance the long-term moisture stability of PSCs. Additionally, the photoluminescence property of QDs can be used to convert UV-radiation into harvestable visible light to improve the photocurrent and photostability of PSCs. The different characteristics and functions of QDs in PSCs are then discussed. Finally, insight into the further development of QD materials in PSCs is outlined.