What makes a RAG regeneration associated?
What makes a RAG regeneration associated?
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DOI：
10.3389/fnmol.2015.00043
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Willis DE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ma TC;Willis DE
再生失败仍然是中枢神经系统（CNS）损伤后功能恢复的重要障碍。因此，了解调节轴突再生的生理过程是再生医学的中心焦点。研究具有再生能力的神经元（例如周围神经系统（PNS）的神经元）对轴突损伤的基因转录反应，有助于深入了解与再生相关的基因。尽管从这些研究中已经鉴定出了几个单独的“再生相关基因”（RAG），但对损伤的反应可能调节功能协调和互补基因组的表达。例如，成功的再生需要诱导驱动神经元内在生长能力的基因，同时下调传递环境抑制信号的基因。因此，这种观点强调基因“程序”的转录调控有助于轴突再生的总体目标。在这里，我们回顾了已知的 RAG，重点关注它们的转录调控如何揭示驱动再生表型的潜在基因程序。最后，我们将讨论一些范式，在这些范式下我们可以确定这些基因是否与损伤相关，或者确实是再生所必需的。
Regenerative failure remains a significant barrier for functional recovery after central nervous system (CNS) injury. As such, understanding the physiological processes that regulate axon regeneration is a central focus of regenerative medicine. Studying the gene transcription responses to axon injury of regeneration competent neurons, such as those of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), has provided insight into the genes associated with regeneration. Though several individual “regeneration-associated genes” (RAGs) have been identified from these studies, the response to injury likely regulates the expression of functionally coordinated and complementary gene groups. For instance, successful regeneration would require the induction of genes that drive the intrinsic growth capacity of neurons, while simultaneously downregulating the genes that convey environmental inhibitory cues. Thus, this view emphasizes the transcriptional regulation of gene “programs” that contribute to the overall goal of axonal regeneration. Here, we review the known RAGs, focusing on how their transcriptional regulation can reveal the underlying gene programs that drive a regenerative phenotype. Finally, we will discuss paradigms under which we can determine whether these genes are injury-associated, or indeed necessary for regeneration.