The significance and evolution of menstruation
The significance and evolution of menstruation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2018.01.007
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发表时间：
2018-07-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Jarrell, John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jarrell, John
从历史上看，月经的进化起源基于两个理论：消除精子携带到子宫的感染因子的能力，以及与月经相比，月经的能量相对守恒。最近的理论认为，在哺乳动物中，自发的蜕膜化是关键的适应机制。自发性蜕膜化被认为是一种机制，为母亲提供保护，免受胚胎的侵入性特征。生理上，月经涉及炎症和血管机制的复杂相互作用，以稳定子宫内膜并允许子宫内膜组织和血液的可调节损失。许多人类疾病可以被更好地理解为与这些进化发展相关的脆弱性，包括复发性流产、胎盘植入、异位妊娠、子宫内膜异位症、子宫腺肌病、痛经和慢性盆腔疼痛。虽然这些疾病的进化方面表明了为什么会发生这些疾病，但在某些情况下，它们也为治疗，预防和未来的研究方向提供了基础。(C)2018爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
Historically, the evolutionary origins of menstruation have been based on two theories: the ability to eliminate infectious agents carried to the uterus with spermatozoa and the comparative conservation of energy with menstruation compared to its absence. In the menstruating species, more recent theories have identified spontaneous decidualization as the key adaptive mechanism. Spontaneous decidualization is seen as a mechanism to provide the mother with protection from the invasive characteristics of the embryo. Physiologically, menstruation involves complex interactions of inflammation and vascular mechanisms to stabilize the endometrium and allow a regulated loss of endometrial tissues and blood. A variety of human illnesses can be better understood as vulnerabilities associated with these evolutionary developments, including recurrent pregnancy loss, placenta accreta, ectopic pregnancy, endometriosis, adenomyosis, dysmenorrhea, and chronic pelvic pain. While the evolutionary aspects of these diseases indicate why such illnesses can occur, in some instances, they also provide a basis for treatment, prevention and future research direction. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.