Automated hull reconstruction motion tracking (HRMT) applied to sideways maneuvers of free-flying insects
Automated hull reconstruction motion tracking (HRMT) applied to sideways maneuvers of free-flying insects
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.025502
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Cohen, Itai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ristroph, Leif;Berman, Gordon J.;Cohen, Itai
飞行昆虫通过轻微操纵翅膀运动来进行空中机动。由于翅膀运动学中的此类操作是微妙的，因此需要一种可靠的方法来正确辨别昆虫使用的一致运动策略与不一致的变化和测量误差。在这里，我们介绍了一种新颖的自动化方法，可以从自由飞行昆虫的高分辨率影片中准确提取完整的 3D 身体和翅膀运动学。该方法结合了视觉外壳重建、主成分分析和昆虫的几何信息来恢复位置和方向的时间序列数据。该技术的位置误差和 5 度误差均小于 3 个像素，且特征良好。用于方向。为了展示其实用性，我们将这种运动跟踪应用于果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）的飞行。我们发现果蝇在某些机动过程中会产生侧向力，并且强大的侧向加速度与左翼和右翼攻角之间的差异有关。值得注意的是，这种不对称性可以通过简单地改变右翼和左翼之间翻转的相对时间来引起，我们观察到果蝇在以 40% g 的速度横向加速时，采用的时间差异高达翅膀拍打周期的 10%。
Flying insects perform aerial maneuvers through slight manipulations of their wing motions. Because such manipulations in wing kinematics are subtle, a reliable method is needed to properly discern consistent kinematic strategies used by the insect from inconsistent variations and measurement error. Here, we introduce a novel automated method that accurately extracts full, 3D body and wing kinematics from high-resolution films of free-flying insects. This method combines visual hull reconstruction, principal components analysis, and geometric information about the insect to recover time series data of positions and orientations. The technique has small, well-characterized errors of under 3 pixels for positions and 5 deg. for orientations. To show its utility, we apply this motion tracking to the flight of fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster. We find that fruit flies generate sideways forces during some maneuvers and that strong lateral acceleration is associated with differences between the left and right wing angles of attack. Remarkably, this asymmetry can be induced by simply altering the relative timing of flips between the right and left wings, and we observe that fruit flies employ timing differences as high as 10% of a wing beat period while accelerating sideways at 40% g.