The pediatrician and disaster preparedness
The pediatrician and disaster preparedness
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.2005-2752
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发表时间：
2006-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Reynolds, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Markenson, D;Reynolds, S
几十年来，针对自然灾害、突发公共卫生事件、工作场所事故和其他灾难的应急计划一直是各级政府机构和某些非政府组织(如美国红十字会)的责任。然而，在恐怖主义方面，由于各种原因，正在制定全新的应急规划办法。恐怖主义准备是一般紧急情况准备的一个高度具体的组成部分。除一般应急准备所涉及的独特儿科问题外，恐怖主义准备还必须考虑其他几个问题，包括儿童对各种制剂的独特脆弱性，以及可获得的与年龄和体重相适应的解毒剂和治疗方法有限。虽然儿童对治疗干预的反应可能更快，但他们同时也更容易受到各种因素和条件的影响，如果不仔细监测，他们更有可能恶化。本文旨在为儿科医生提供关于灾难、恐怖主义和公共卫生应急准备方面的关键问题的概述。它并不是一个完整的教学内容概要，而是提供了一种方法，说明儿科医生需要了解什么，以及儿科医生必须如何利用他们的专业知识来加强每个社区的准备工作。为了做好充分和最佳的准备，儿科医生需要熟悉以下应急准备的关键领域：与恐怖主义和其他灾害有关的儿童的独特方面；恐怖主义准备；心理健康脆弱性和复原力的发展；管理家庭对恐怖主义和灾害准备的关切；基于办公室的准备；医院准备；社区、政府和公共卫生准备；以及在准备规划中倡导儿童和家庭。
For decades, emergency planning for natural disasters, public health emergencies, workplace accidents, and other calamities has been the responsibility of government agencies on all levels and certain nongovernment organizations such as the American Red Cross. In the case of terrorism, however, entirely new approaches to emergency planning are under development for a variety of reasons. Terrorism preparedness is a highly specific component of general emergency preparedness. In addition to the unique pediatric issues involved in general emergency preparedness, terrorism preparedness must consider several additional issues, including the unique vulnerabilities of children to various agents as well as the limited availability of age- and weight-appropriate antidotes and treatments. Although children may respond more rapidly to therapeutic intervention, they are at the same time more susceptible to various agents and conditions and more likely to deteriorate if they are not monitored carefully.This article is designed to provide an overview of key issues for the pediatrician with respect to disaster, terrorism, and public health emergency preparedness. It is not intended to be a complete compendium of didactic content but rather offers an approach to what pediatricians need to know and how pediatricians must lend their expertise to enhance preparedness in every community. To become fully and optimally prepared, pediatricians need to become familiar with these key areas of emergency preparedness: unique aspects of children related to terrorism and other disasters; terrorism preparedness; mental health vulnerabilities and development of resiliency; managing family concerns about terrorism and disaster preparedness; office-based preparedness; hospital preparedness; community, government, and public health preparedness; and advocating for children and families in preparedness planning.