Sediment transferring function of the lower reaches of the Yellow River influenced by drainage basin factors and human activities
Sediment transferring function of the lower reaches of the Yellow River influenced by drainage basin factors and human activities
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DOI：
10.1360/03yd0358
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发表时间：
2005-12
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
X. Jiong-xin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
X. Jiong-xin
在河段尺度泥沙收支概念的基础上，定义了河流输沙函数（F s）并建立了指数。然后，研究了黄河下游与流域内自然和人为因素的关系，如不同水沙源区的年降水量、黄河下游总输沙量中> ~ 0.05 mm泥沙的比例、兰州以上流域“清”基流的调节程度、高浓缩流的频率、区域内的流域水土保持措施。结果，F与7个影响因素之间建立了多元回归方程，多元相关系数r = 0.90。不同水沙源区年降水量的减少对氟的影响是不同的。河口镇以上地区及龙门与三门峡之间地区年降水量减少导致F减小，而河口镇与龙门之间地区年降水量减少导致F增大。泥沙荷载的粒度组成对fs影响较大；进入黄河下游的悬沙荷载中>0.05 mm泥沙所占比例越大，F值越低。因此，如果小浪底水库截留粗沙，释放细沙，则F值将增加。研究还表明，高流量季节河流量占兰州站年总河流量的比例越低，F值越低。因此，黄河上游水库对大量清水的截留是黄河下游Fs下降的主要原因之一。
Sediment transferring function ( F s ) of rivers is defined and indexed in this study, based on the concept of sediment budget at river reach scales. Then, study is made on the F s of the lower reaches of the Yellow River in relation to natural and human factors in the drainage basin, such as the annual precipitation in different water and sediment source areas, proportion of >0.05 mm sediment of the total sediment load to the lower reaches of Yellow River, the regulated degree of the “clear” baseflow from the drainage area above Lanzhou, frequency of hyperconcentrated flows, area of soil and water conservation measures in the drainage basin. As a result, a multiple regression equation has been established between F s and 7 influencing factors, with multiple correlation coefficient r = 0.90. The reduction in annual precipitation in different water and sediment source areas has different effects on F s . The reduction in annual precipitation in the area above Hekou Town and the area between Longmen and Sanmenxia results in a reduction in F s , but the reduction in annual precipitation in the area between Hekou Town and Longmen results in an increase in F s . The grain size composition of sediment load strongly affects the F s ; the larger the proportion of >0.05 mm sediment in the suspended sediment load entering the lower reaches of the Yellow River is, the lower the F s will be. Thus, if the Xiaolangdi Reservoir traps coarse sediment and releases fine sediment, F s will be enhanced. This study also shows that the lower the proportion of high-flow season river flow to the annual total river flow at Lanzhou Station is, the lower the F s will be. Therefore, the interception of large quantities of clear water by the reservoirs on the upper reaches of Yellow River is one of the major causes for the decrease in Fs in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.