Evolutionary changes in the expression pattern of a developmentally essential gene in three Drosophila species
Evolutionary changes in the expression pattern of a developmentally essential gene in three Drosophila species
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.93.14.7103
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发表时间：
1996-07-09
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Ayala, FJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, DG;Marsh, JL;Ayala, FJ
形态进化可能很大程度上是由基因调控而不是基因结构的变化引起的假设很难得到检验。昆虫之间的形态差异通常在所产生的角质层结构中很明显。多巴脱羧酶（Ddc）和α-甲基多巴过敏（amd）基因源自古老的基因复制。在果蝇中，它们进化出了非重叠的功能，包括产生不同类型的角质层，以及 Ddc 的产生神经递质、多巴胺和血清素。 amd 基因在发育胚胎中特化柔性角质层的产生中特别活跃。我们比较了三种果蝇物种中 amd 的表达模式。几个表达区域在所有三个物种中都是保守的，但令人惊讶的是，在模拟果蝇中发现了一个独特的表达域，该表达域在密切相关的（2-500万年）果蝇或更遥远的（40-5000万年）果蝇中不存在。一个全新且强大的表达域的“突然”出现，让人们得以一睹结构基因表达调控变化所导致的进化变异。
The hypothesis that morphological evolution may largely result from changes in gene regulation rather than in gene structure has been difficult to test. Morphological differences among insects are often apparent in the cuticle structures produced. The dopa decarboxylase (Ddc) and alpha-methyldopa hypersensitive (amd) genes arose from an ancient gene duplication. In Drosophila, they have evolved nonoverlapping functions, including the production of distinct types of cuticle, and for Ddc, the production of the neurotransmitters, dopamine and serotonin. The amd gene is particularly active in the production of specialized flexible cuticles in the developing embryo, We have compared the pattern of amd expression in three Drosophila species. Several regions of expression are conserved in all three species but, surprisingly, a unique domain of expression is found in Drosophila simulans that does not occur in the closely related (2-5 million years) Drosophila melanogaster or in the more remote (40-50 million years) Drosophila virilis. The ''sudden'' appearance of a completely new and robust domain of expression provides a glimpse of evolutionary variation resulting from changes in regulation of structural gene expression.