Redox Regulation of Apoptosis before and after Cytochrome C Release.
Redox Regulation of Apoptosis before and after Cytochrome C Release.
复制标题
细胞色素 C 释放前后细胞凋亡的氧化还原调节。
DOI：
10.1080/12265071.2003.9647675
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Almasan,Alex
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen,Quan;Crosby,Meredith;Almasan,Alex
程序性细胞死亡或细胞凋亡是现代生物学研究最多的领域之一。细胞凋亡是一个基因调控过程，在高等生物的发育和体内平衡中发挥着重要作用。已知线粒体在调节细胞代谢中发挥核心作用，被发现对于调节生理和病理条件下诱导的细胞凋亡至关重要。线粒体是活性氧 (ROS) 的主要来源，但它们也可以作为细胞凋亡过程中的靶标。线粒体释放凋亡因子（其中最著名的是细胞色素 c），导致组装称为凋亡体的大型凋亡诱导复合物。半胱氨酸蛋白酶（称为半胱天冬酶）被招募到该复合物中，并在通过保护性裂解激活后，激活其他半胱天冬酶，这些半胱天冬酶反过来又针对大量细胞蛋白质进行特异性裂解。细胞色素 c 释放期间和之后细胞凋亡的氧化还原调节是一个深入研究的领域。这篇综述总结了 ROS 的生物学作用及其在细胞凋亡中的靶标，重点介绍了它与线粒体的复杂联系以及细胞死亡的基本组成部分。
Programmed cell death, or apoptosis, is one of the most studied areas of modern biology. Apoptosis is a genetically regulated process, which plays an essential role in the development and homeostasis of higher organisms. Mitochondria, known to play a central role in regulating cellular metabolism, was found to be critical for regulating apoptosis induced under both physiological and pathological conditions. Mitochondria are a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) but they can also serve as its target during the apoptosis process. Release of apoptogenic factors from mitochondria, the best known of which is cytochrome c, leads to assembly of a large apoptosis‐inducing complex called the apoptosome. Cysteine proteases (called caspases) are recruited to this complex and, following their activation by protectlytic cleavage, activate other caspases, which in turn target for specific cleavage a large number of cellular proteins. The redox regulation of apoptosis during and after cytochrome c release is an area of intense investigation. This review summarizes what is known about the biological role of ROS and its targets in apoptosis with an emphasis on its intricate connections to mitochondria and the basic components of cell death.